SMM

On December 16, the Chongqing Municipal Commission of Economy and Information Technology issued a notice on the printing and distribution of the "Chongqing Hydrogen Refueling Station Industry Development Plan (2025–2035)."

The document specifies that by 2035, the city will have cumulatively built 72 hydrogen refueling stations, including 60 newly planned stations, and the hydrogen supply capability will reach 25 million kg/year, laying a solid infrastructure foundation for the development of the hydrogen energy industry.

To achieve the goals in an orderly manner, the plan divides the construction tasks into three key phases. The first phase, from 2025 to 2027, focuses on completing the construction of 10 new hydrogen refueling stations, achieving a daily hydrogen supply capacity of 15,000 kg, and initially establishing a regional hydrogen refueling service network to support the preliminary rollout of hydrogen energy applications. The second phase, from 2028 to 2030, continues to expand the construction scale by adding 20 new hydrogen refueling stations, increasing the daily hydrogen supply capacity to 40,000 kg, further broadening the coverage of hydrogen refueling services, and significantly enhancing service efficiency. The third phase, from 2031 to 2035, aims to complete the construction of 30 new hydrogen refueling stations, with the daily hydrogen supply capacity exceeding 70,000 kg, fully achieving the overall construction targets set by the plan and providing a solid guarantee for the high-quality development of the city's hydrogen energy industry.

Full text as follows:

Yu Jingxin Youqi [2025] No. 8

Chongqing Municipal Commission of Economy and Information Technology

Notice on Printing and Distributing the "Chongqing Hydrogen Refueling Station Industry Development Plan

(2025–2035)"

To the Economic and Information Commissions of districts and counties (autonomous counties), the Economic and Information Departments of Western Science City Chongqing High-tech Zone and Wansheng Economic Development Zone, and relevant units:

To thoroughly implement the major strategic decisions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, fulfill the requirements of the "Medium and Long-Term Plan for Hydrogen Energy Industry Development (2021–2035)," build a western hydrogen energy hub, lead regional energy transformation, and in conjunction with the "Chongqing Hydrogen Fuel Cell Automotive Industry Development Guidance Opinions," the Municipal Commission of Economy and Information Technology has formulated the "Chongqing Hydrogen Refueling Station Industry Development Plan (2025–2035)," which is now issued to you. Please implement it in light of local conditions.

Chongqing Municipal Commission of Economy and Information Technology

Dec 15, 2025

(This document is publicly released)

Chongqing Hydrogen Refueling Station Industry Development Plan

(2025–2035)

This plan is formulated to thoroughly implement the major strategic decisions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, fulfill the requirements of the "Medium and Long-Term Plan for Hydrogen Energy Industry Development (2021–2035)," build a western hydrogen energy hub, lead regional energy transformation, and in conjunction with the "Chongqing Hydrogen Fuel Cell Automotive Industry Development Guidance Opinions."The planning period spans from 2025 to 2035.

I. Planning Background

Chongqing is an important modern manufacturing base in China, an economic center in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and a core engine of the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle. It has initially established a facility network covering hydrogen sources, storage and transportation, and refueling. With the accelerated advancement of key application scenarios such as the "Chengdu-Chongqing Hydrogen Corridor" and the "Western Land-Sea New Corridor Hydrogen Corridor," the scale of hydrogen fuel cell vehicle promotion and hydrogen demand are expected to continue growing.

(I) Development Status

1. Hydrogen Supply Has a Solid Foundation. The city boasts abundant industrial by-product hydrogen resources. Currently, the annual production of industrial by-product hydrogen in areas such as Changshou District and Tongnan District exceeds 1.5 billion cubic meters (equivalent to 134.85 million kg), which can meet the hydrogen demand for 20,000 buses or 500,000 passenger cars. Meanwhile, the largest hydrogen supply center in southwest China has commenced operations in Changshou District. At full capacity, it can supply 6,400 kg of high-purity hydrogen per day, meeting the hydrogen demand for 260 hydrogen fuel logistics heavy trucks operating within the city.

2. Short-Distance Hydrogen Transportation Network Is Taking Shape. Currently, the city has an ownership of approximately 60 hydrogen transport tube trailers, all of which are 20 MPa high-pressure gaseous tube trailers. Each vehicle has a hydrogen transport capacity of about 300 kg, forming a short-distance transportation network with a coverage radius of 150 km, basically meeting the current demonstration phase's short-distance hydrogen transportation and refueling needs.

3. Hydrogen Station Network Framework Is Basically Formed. Currently, 12 hydrogen refueling stations have been constructed and put into operation citywide (specific details are shown in Table 1). Among these, 9 are public service hydrogen refueling stations, and 3 are special-purpose hydrogen supply facilities (not providing commercial refueling for vehicles; these are hydrogen mother stations and hydrogen supply for testing purposes). They primarily cover core industrial areas and transportation hubs such as the main urban area, with a total refueling capacity of 7,500 kg per day. This has initially formed the framework of a hydrogen refueling station network, providing fundamental support for the promotion and operation of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles.

Table 1 Hydrogen Refueling Stations Constructed and in Operation

4. Applications in the transportation sector have shown initial success. To date, the city has promoted the deployment of 477 hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in areas such as public transport, sanitation, trunk logistics, and engineering construction. These demonstration vehicles have been operating stably, fostering a virtuous development cycle of "promoting stations through vehicles, and coordinating stations and vehicles," which provides target orientation and demand traction for the layout of hydrogen refueling stations.

(II) Demand Analysis

1. Analysis of Vehicle Application Scenarios.

Active efforts are made to advance the construction of cross-regional hydrogen corridors such as the "Chengdu-Chongqing Hydrogen Corridor" and the "Western Land-Sea New Corridor Hydrogen Corridor," gradually expanding hydrogen energy application scenarios in key areas including the main metropolitan area, the urban agglomeration in the Wuling Mountain area of southeastern Chongqing, and the urban agglomeration in the Three Gorges Reservoir area of northeastern Chongqing. With the deepening of related construction, the demand for vehicle hydrogen refueling will show a trend of scaled growth.

(1) Chengdu-Chongqing Hydrogen Corridor.

The Chengdu-Chongqing Hydrogen Corridor uses three expressways—Chongqing-Chengdu, Chengdu-Chongqing, and Chengdu-Suining-Chongqing—as the main transportation arteries, focusing on connecting core logistics hubs such as the Chongqing Liangjiang New Area Automotive Industrial Park, Guoyuan Port National Logistics Hub, Chengdu International Aviation Hub, and the China Western Modern Logistics Port. The annual freight volume exceeds 220 million mt, and the ownership of logistics vehicles traveling along these routes exceeds 50,000 units. Emphasis is placed on deploying hydrogen refueling infrastructure along the Chengdu-Chongqing trunk line, promoting the construction of hydrogen refueling stations in Dazu District, Tongliang District, Tongnan District, and Rongchang District. These efforts will respectively coordinate with the opening of hydrogen supply networks along trunk lines such as the Chongqing-Chengdu Expressway, Suining-Chongqing Expressway, and Chengdu-Chongqing Expressway, thereby increasing the scale of intercity trunk hydrogen fuel cell vehicle applications. By building a complete hydrogen energy industry chain, applications will gradually expand to surrounding areas, radiating and driving the coordinated development of urban agglomerations such as Southern Sichuan and Western Chongqing. The construction and implementation of the Chengdu-Chongqing Hydrogen Corridor will form a replicable and scalable demonstration model for the hydrogen energy industry, providing important support for the construction of the hydrogen corridor along the Yangtze River Economic Belt.

(2) Western Land-Sea New Corridor Hydrogen Corridor.

The Western Land-Sea New Corridor Hydrogen Corridor relies on the strategic southbound logistics channel in the western region to build a green hydrogen transportation system. It uses the Chongqing-Guizhou Expressway, Chongqing-Kunming Expressway, and the Beibu Gulf port cluster as its backbone, focusing on linking regional core hubs such as the Chongqing International Logistics Hub Park, Guiyang Comprehensive Bonded Zone, Nanning International Railway Port, and the Beibu Gulf International Gateway Port. In the first three quarters of 2025, cumulative shipments reached 1.09 million TEUs, and the scale of logistics transportation continues to grow. Currently, our city has built the Qijiang Ganshui Parking Area Hydrogen Refueling Station along this corridor, effectively supporting transportation needs, but it has not yet been effectively connected with hydrogen refueling stations in southern provinces. In the next step, as we advance the construction of the hydrogen corridor in a deeper and more substantive manner, our city will continue to improve the hydrogen energy infrastructure network, gradually expand the scale of hydrogen fuel cell truck applications, and extend them in an orderly manner to surrounding urban agglomerations, strongly promoting the green and low-carbon transformation and upgrading of the "Belt and Road" international logistics artery.

(3) Main Urban Area.

As the core area for the city's economic and social development, the Main Urban Area serves as both a base for the hydrogen energy industry and a demonstration zone for hydrogen energy applications, playing a significant role in industry cultivation. In terms of industrial foundation, it hosts automakers such as Qingling Auto and SAIC Hongyan, as well as core parts producers like Bosch Hydrogen Power and Guohong Hydrogen Energy, having established localized production capacity for key components including fuel cell stacks, membrane electrodes, and hydrogen storage cylinders, providing a solid foundation for the development of the hydrogen energy industry chain. Regarding application scenarios, leveraging the advantages of the Golden Waterway of the Yangtze River and the New Land-Sea Corridor, hydrogen energy applications have substantial potential for large-scale substitution in areas such as port logistics (Guoyuan Port's annual container throughput exceeds 1 million TEUs), intercity freight transport (the daily average cargo flow in the Chengdu-Chongqing region's dual-city economic circle exceeds 200,000 mt), and municipal engineering (the ownership of sanitation vehicles exceeds 6,000 units).

(4) Urban Agglomeration in the Wuling Mountain Area of Southeast Chongqing.

As an important ecological function area of the city, the Wuling Mountain Area in Southeast Chongqing aligns well with regional development requirements for hydrogen energy applications, with demand primarily concentrated in expressway trunk lines, industrial parks, and passenger and logistics transport. In terms of transportation trunk lines, the Southeast Chongqing region is a key period connecting Chongqing's main urban area with Hunan and Guizhou, with high traffic volumes on trunk highways such as the Baotou-Maoming Expressway and Chongqing-Hunan Expressway. With the promotion and application of hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks in long-distance freight transport, the demand for hydrogen refueling stations along these routes will grow annually, further strengthening the foundation for interprovincial hydrogen energy logistics corridors. Regarding industrial demand, regional industrial parks focus on clean energy and specialty agricultural product processing. As the concept of green manufacturing is deeply implemented, there is considerable potential for the application of hydrogen-powered forklifts and logistics vehicles, and the demand for hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks and stationary fuel cells within industrial parks will gradually be released. In passenger and logistics transport, with improvements in high-speed rail transportation in Southeast Chongqing, the tourism market is further activated, driving annual growth in demand for hydrogen energy applications such as tourist coaches and inter-county passenger vehicles. Areas like Qianjiang District and Xiushan County serve as commercial distribution hubs in the Wuling Mountain Area, where demand for hydrogen-powered refrigerated trucks and light-duty trucks (4.5 mt and below) in cold chain logistics and agricultural product transport will also be further released. Supporting the construction of hydrogen refueling facilities in this region can help build a green logistics system and effectively protect regional ecological functions.

(5) Urban Agglomeration in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Northeast Chongqing.

Located in an important ecological barrier area of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the Three Gorges Reservoir Area in Northeast Chongqing holds significant strategic importance. In terms of transportation trunk lines, national-level arteries such as the Shanghai-Chengdu Expressway and the Yinchuan-Baise Expressway, which run through the reservoir area, are core channels linking the Chengdu-Chongqing region's dual-city economic circle. The construction of hydrogen refueling stations in service areas along these routes will effectively support the cross-regional operation of hydrogen-powered vehicles, providing crucial support for establishing a regional hydrogen energy transportation network. Port logistics, the port hub areas such as Wanzhou District's Xintian Port and Zhong County's Xinsheng Port are core periods of the reservoir area's logistics system, with intensive operations and concentrated vehicles. Supporting the construction of hydrogen refueling facilities can not only meet the daily hydrogen demand of port operation vehicles (including hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks, forklifts, etc.), but also lead the transformation and upgrading of green ports. Industrial logistics, key industrial parks such as Wanzhou Economic Development Zone and Kaizhou High-tech Zone have large cargo turnover, and the application potential of hydrogen energy logistics vehicles is significant. The construction of hydrogen refueling stations will strongly promote cost reduction and efficiency improvement for logistics enterprises, accelerating the process of building a green logistics system. Ecological tourism, national-level tourist attractions such as the Yangtze River Three Gorges and Wushan Little Three Gorges have extremely high environmental protection requirements. Building hydrogen refueling infrastructure that matches the reception scale of the scenic areas can not only ensure the stable operation of new energy tourist vehicles, but also highlight the green development concept of ecological tourism.

2. Forecast of Vehicle Promotion Scale.

Based on the analysis of hydrogen energy application scenarios in our city and the historical development trend of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, combined with industry development situation assessment and analysis, the city's hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are expected to reach 800 units in 2027, 2,000 units in 2030, and 4,000 units in 2035 (specific details are shown in Table 2).

Table 2  Historical Vehicle Scale and Forecast of Promotion Scale

3. Hydrogen Refueling Demand Analysis.

Based on the above analysis, the forecast for hydrogen refueling capacity demand is as follows: In 2027, regional demand such as the Chengdu-Chongqing Hydrogen Corridor and the Western Land-Sea New Corridor Hydrogen Corridor is expected to reach 4 million kg/year; in 2030, it is expected to reach 11 million kg/year; and in 2035, it is expected to reach 25 million kg/year (specific details are shown in Table 3).

Table 3  Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle Hydrogen Demand Analysis

II. General Requirements

(I) Guiding Principles

Adhering to the guidance of Xi Jinping's Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, thoroughly implementing the strategic deployment of "promoting clean, low-carbon, and efficient energy use" from the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, based on the new development stage, fully implementing the new development philosophy, focusing on high-quality development of the hydrogen industry, coordinating development and safety, and striving to build a reasonably laid out, demonstrative, clean, low-carbon, and safe and reliable hydrogen refueling network system.

(II) Basic Principles

— Coordinated planning, moderately ahead. Following the approach of "urban-rural integration, regional coordination, highlighting key points, and intensive efficiency," systematically promoting the construction and layout of hydrogen refueling stations and supporting facilities. Utilizing by-product hydrogen from nearby industries, actively expanding renewable energy-based hydrogen production, supporting the renovation and expansion of existing gas (oil) stations and integrated energy service stations into hydrogen refueling stations, and building a hydrogen refueling station network system that adapts to the distribution of demand, road and station conditions, and the spatial pattern of urbanization.

— Market-led, government-guided. Fully leveraging the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, establishing and improving the market-oriented mechanism for the construction and operation of hydrogen refueling stations, guiding and encouraging various market entities to actively participate. Better playing the role of the government, deepening various support policies, strengthening innovation-driven development, intensifying core technology breakthroughs, focusing on key technologies such as integrated hydrogen production and refueling stations and high-pressure storage and transportation, aiming to reduce the cost of hydrogen application, and enhancing the benefits of hydrogen use.

— Safety first, standardized development. Adhering to the principle of "safety first, prevention foremost, comprehensive management," strictly enforcing the Technical Standard for Automotive Gasoline, Gas, and Hydrogen Refueling Stations (GB 50156—2021), Safety Technical Specifications for Hydrogen Refueling Stations (GB/T 34584—2017), and other standard requirements, establishing and improving the full life cycle safety management system for hydrogen refueling stations.

— Ecological priority, green development. Strengthening full life cycle environmental management, strictly enforcing environmental impact assessment and the "three simultaneous" system, avoiding ecologically sensitive areas, coordinating the systematic prevention and control of air, water, noise, and solid waste pollution, enhancing risk prevention and emergency response capabilities, promoting green and low-carbon transformation, and achieving coordinated development of economic benefits and ecological protection.

(III) Planning Basis

Urban and Rural Planning Law of the People's Republic of China

Chongqing Urban and Rural Planning Regulations

Medium and Long-Term Plan for Hydrogen Energy Industry Development (2021-2035)

Outline of the Chengdu-Chongqing Dual-City Economic Circle Construction Plan

Implementation Plan for High-Quality Construction of the Western Land-Sea New Passage during the 14th Five-Year Plan Period

Chongqing Master Plan for Territorial Space (2021-2035)

Chongqing Development Plan for Building a World-Class Intelligent Connected New Energy Vehicle Industry Cluster (2022-2030)

Chongqing Expressway Network Plan (2023-2035)

Guidance on the Development of Chongqing's Hydrogen Fuel Cell Automotive Industry

Action Plan for Comprehensive Green Transformation of Economic and Social Development (2025-2027)

Technical Standard for Automotive Gasoline, Gas, and Hydrogen Refueling Stations (GB 50156—2021)

Safety Technical Specifications for Hydrogen Refueling Stations (GB/T 34584—2017)

General Requirements for Hydrogen Refueling Stations (GB/T 43674—2024)

Technical Specifications for Hydrogen Refueling Stations (GB 50516—2010, revised in 2021)

In addition to the above documents, this plan also referred to other relevant laws and regulations during its formulation.

(IV) Development Goals

--Development Scale. With the core objective of establishing a comprehensive hydrogen refueling network, the plan will be implemented in phases to build a modern hydrogen refueling infrastructure system characterized by a "well-developed network, supply-demand adaptation, and intelligent safety." This system will provide solid support for the large-scale promotion and application of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and comprehensively empower the high-quality development of the hydrogen energy industry. By 2035, the city plans to build 60 new hydrogen refueling stations (details are shown in Table 4), bringing the cumulative total to 72 stations, with a hydrogen supply capability reaching 25 million kg/year.

--Planning Layout. Centered on the "Two Corridors and Six Trunk Lines" as the core framework (specific layout details are provided in Table 5) and supported by hub stations, the plan aims to build a comprehensive and efficiently connected hydrogen refueling service network. Key efforts will focus on advancing the construction of the "Two Major" key corridors: first, the Chengdu-Chongqing Hydrogen Corridor, primarily covering areas along the Chengdu-Chongqing, Chongqing-Chengdu, and Chengdu-Suining-Chongqing Expressways; second, the New Western Land-Sea Corridor Hydrogen Corridor, focusing on layout along the Chongqing-Guizhou-Guangxi Expressway. Concurrently, construction of hydrogen refueling stations along important logistics channels such as the Chongqing-Hunan Expressway and Chongqing-Yichang Expressway will be promoted, ultimately forming a trunk hydrogen refueling service network that connects the city's main urban areas, key industrial parks, and core logistics hubs, achieving extensive coverage and efficient supply of hydrogen refueling services.

--Phased Implementation. The plan defines construction tasks across three key phases. From 2025 to 2027, the focus will be on completing the construction of 10 new hydrogen refueling stations, achieving a daily hydrogen supply capacity of 15,000 kg, and initially establishing a regional hydrogen refueling service infrastructure network. From 2028 to 2030, construction scale will continue to expand, adding 20 new hydrogen refueling stations, increasing the daily hydrogen supply capacity to 40,000 kg, and further enhancing service coverage. From 2031 to 2035, the plan aims to complete the challenging task of building 30 new hydrogen refueling stations, pushing the daily hydrogen supply capacity beyond 70,000 kg, and fully achieving the overall construction goals.

Table 4 Hydrogen Refueling Station Planning Layout, 2025-2035

Table 5 Hydrogen Refueling Network System Construction

Planning Notes:

1. This plan fully incorporates the opinions of the people's governments of various districts and counties (autonomous counties), relevant municipal departments, and the general public, and comprehensively considers factors such as station coverage, transportation radius, and industry regulatory requirements.

2. During the planning period, adjustments will be made in a timely manner based on technological advancements, market demand matching, and industry development needs.

III. Planning Implementation Safeguards

(I) Strengthening Organizational Leadership and Overall Coordination

The Municipal Commission of Economy and Information Technology takes the lead in formulating the development plan for the hydrogen refueling station industry, responsible for overall coordination, supervision, and guidance to promote the implementation, construction, and operational oversight of the plan in various districts and counties. Each district and county must earnestly fulfill their local management responsibilities, enhance inter-departmental coordination and communication, and ensure all tasks are implemented effectively; responsible for dynamic tracking and analytical evaluation of plan implementation, keeping real-time track of task progress, with districts and counties cooperating in providing relevant information and ensuring work continuity; based on actual market development conditions, collaborate with districts and counties to conduct dynamic adjustments or revisions to the layout and quantity of hydrogen refueling stations in accordance with procedures, ensuring the plan is scientific, reasonable, and practical.

(II) Improving Policy Support and Resource Guarantees

Strengthen policy support, build a multi-dimensional policy system covering approval management, planning and construction, operational services, and financial support, increase funding support, and encourage and guide social capital to participate in the hydrogen energy industry through multiple channels; each district and county should, in line with the industry development plan and local realities, coordinate site selection for hydrogen refueling stations within their jurisdiction with territorial spatial planning to ensure effective land use. Support the renovation and expansion of existing refueling and gas stations to include hydrogen facilities, creating comprehensive energy service stations; explore diversified construction pathways, encourage the construction of integrated hydrogen production and refueling stations using multiple technological approaches in suitable areas, with a focus on demonstrating integrated hydrogen production and refueling station projects, including those using fossil fuels and renewable energy electrolysis. All parties should work together to promote industry integration and enhance the service efficiency of hydrogen energy infrastructure.

(III) Standardizing Construction, Operation, and Safety Supervision

Accelerate the formulation and improvement of supporting measures for station construction approval, acceptance filing, and operational management, clarify the operational licensing system, and establish a sound market access and regular supervision mechanism. Strictly adhere to standards such as the "Technical Standard for Automobile Refueling, Gas, and Hydrogen Refueling Stations" (GB 50156—2021) and the "Technical Code for Hydrogen Refueling Stations" (GB 50516—2010, revised in 2021), and improve local standards and implementation rules for construction management, operational safety, and dedicated refueling equipment based on actual conditions. Each district and county should focus on the entire life cycle of hydrogen refueling stations—"construction-operation-decommissioning"—strengthen safety control throughout the entire process of hydrogen compression, storage, transportation, and refueling, and strictly implement the environmental impact assessment and the "three simultaneities" system for safety and environmental protection facilities; guide and supervise enterprises in improving emergency response plans for unexpected incidents, enhance fire safety, personnel training, and emergency response capabilities, reinforce enterprises' primary responsibility for production safety, and form a collaborative regulatory framework between the city and districts. To support comprehensive safety supervision and industry services, the operational data of hydrogen refueling stations will be connected to the fuel cell vehicle integrated operation and monitoring platform in accordance with the "Public Data Collection Specification for Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle Demonstration Operations."