Africa’s PGM industry remains highly concentrated in South Africa and Zimbabwe, which account for all 51 identified mining assets. South Africa dominates both active operations and the development pipeline, while Zimbabwe provides a smaller but strategically important second centre. Future supply growth is likely to be gradual and driven by a limited group of expansions and new mines.

[SMM Express] Transport-related costs remain an important cost challenge for South Africa's chrome industry. The Minerals Council South Africa said in its latest Mining Input Cost Inflation report that chrome and manganese experienced elevated input-cost inflation in June, largely due to their reliance on transportation networks, particularly road freight, where higher fuel prices have increased operating costs. The pressure comes alongside elevated energy costs, with the Minerals Council noting that higher fuel prices and the full impact of winter electricity tariffs are expected to keep mining input-cost inflation elevated in the coming months. For chrome producers, the combination of fuel-intensive ore transportation and higher power costs could continue to weigh on margins, particularly for operations dependent on longer road-haulage routes to processing plants and export corridors.

[SMM Express] Southern Palladium has secured a 30-year mining right for its Bengwenyama PGM-chrome project on the Eastern Limb of South Africa's Bushveld Complex. The right was granted by the Department of Mineral and Petroleum Resources on August 7, 2026, marking a key regulatory milestone for the development, which is planned to recover both PGMs and chrome from UG2 ore. The development is particularly relevant to the chrome market following recent metallurgical testwork that lifted expected chromite recovery to 85.6%, from the 30%assumption in the earlier pre-feasibility study, potentially raising chrome concentrate production to about 1.054 million mt/y at the planned Stage 2 expansion. The mining right therefore strengthens the pathway for a future additional chrome supply source from South Africa's Bushveld Complex, although the project remains subject to further development and financing milestones.

Global chrome ore departures from major export ports totaled 717,000 mt in the week ended August 7, up 12.68% week-on-week, according to SMM's latest data. The increase was primarily driven by Maputo, which handled 496,200 mt, accounting for about 69% of total shipments. Richards Bay followed with 171,500 mt, while Mersin recorded 49,300 mt and Beira reported no chrome ore departures. The latest data also shows a notable shift in weekly flows. Maputo shipments increased from 389,300 mt in the previous week, while Richards Bay shipments eased from 180,400 mt and Mersin shipments declined from 66,600 mt. The stronger overall departures, led by Maputo, point to increased seaborne chrome ore flows from Southern Africa during the latest reporting week, with the port distribution highlighting the continued importance of Mozambique and South Africa's export corridors in global chrome ore supply.

Zimbabwe's first lithium sulfate plant, built by China-owned Prospect Lithium Zimbabwe at Goromonzi, reached full operational status in May 2026, mines minister Polite Kambamura confirmed last week. The $400 million facility is Africa's first lithium sulfate plant the first beneficiation announcement in Zimbabwe's sector to convert from construction to verified operating capacity. Carbonate unit still pre-commercial. PLZ's lithium carbonate refining facility is reported near completion but unconfirmed operational; more sulfate capacity is expected sector-wide ahead of Zimbabwe's full concentrate export ban, effective January 2027. Policy driver. Zimbabwe froze raw mineral exports in February 2026 ahead of the 2027 ban, forcing producers to build domestic processing capacity or lose export access. The restriction extends to 13 minerals beyond lithium, including cobalt, PGMs, and rare earths, from January 2027. Investment context. Over $1 billion in lithium sector investment has been logged since February 2026, per policy expert Tedious Ncube though the figure is undisaggregated by project and may blend processing and upstream mining capex. Battery manufacturing remains aspirational. Kambamura flagged domestic battery and solar panel production as a longer-term goal, with no capex, partner, or timeline attached. South Africa currently leads Africa's nascent battery-manufacturing capacity. SMM View: Goromonzi is the first verified beneficiation capacity milestone in Zimbabwe's lithium sector log as confirmed, distinct from carbonate and the $1bn aggregate unverified, project-level breakdown pending). Key watch point: whether sulfate or carbonate capacity build keeps pace with the January 2027 export cutoff or risks a supply disruption relevant to our Zimbabwe ban scenario model.

SMM's own port inventory tracking shows China's total chrome ore stockpiles have remained near record levels through the second half of 2026, even after a modest pullback from their 10 July peak. Inventories touched 509.14 (10,000mt) — roughly 5.09 million tonnes — on that date, before easing to approximately 490.15 (10,000mt), or 4.90 million tonnes, by early August, a drawdown of just 3.7%. Set against the trajectory of the year, that decline barely registers: stocks climbed from a trough near 300 (10,000mt) in late February to above 500 (10,000mt) by mid-year, and the current level remains well above anything seen in the first four months of 2026, confirming that the market is still working through a substantial ore overhang at Chinese ports rather than genuinely destocking. Pricing at Qinzhou Port has firmed alongside this marginal pullback rather than because of any real supply tightening. SMM data shows South African chrome concentrate (Cr2O3 40-42%) at 54.5 CNY/mtu and South African chrome lump (Cr2O3 36-38%) at 56.5 CNY/mtu as of 10 July 2026, with concentrate pricing subsequently climbing to 59.61 CNY/mtu by early August — a gain of close to 9% in under a month. That move should be read cautiously against the inventory backdrop: with port stocks still hovering near their 2026 high, the price recovery looks more like a technical bounce or short-term restocking behavior than evidence of a genuine tightening in the underlying supply-demand balance. Bottom line: China's chrome ore port inventories remain near record highs despite the recent dip, and SMM's data suggests the market has not meaningfully worked through this year's substantial stock build. Until inventories fall more decisively from current elevated levels, the recent price firmness at Qinzhou Port is likely to remain vulnerable to renewed downward pressure, particularly if South African arrivals continue at their current pace.

South Africa exported 123,310.23 tonnes of high-carbon ferrochrome in June 2026, down a modest 0.32% month-on-month but sharply lower — down 44.57% — year-on-year. The near-flat monthly reading suggests exports have found a temporary floor after an extended period of decline, but the scale of the annual drop confirms that South Africa's ferrochrome trade remains firmly on the back foot, in stark contrast to the chrome ore side of the business, which posted export volumes nearly 39% higher than a year earlier over the same month. Figure 1: South Africa high-carbon ferrochrome export volume and destination breakdown, June 2026 A Decline Rooted in the Smelters, Not the Market The subdued year-on-year performance is best explained by looking at what has been happening inside South Africa's ferrochrome furnaces rather than at demand abroad. Merafe Resources' H1 2026 production report, released in late July, showed the scale of the domestic problem directly: attributable ferrochrome production from the Glencore Merafe Chrome Venture collapsed 75% to just 28,000 tonnes, driven by extended suspensions at the Wonderkop and Boshoek smelters and a partial suspension at Lion. With a significant share of the country's ferrochrome-producing capacity effectively offline for much of the period being compared against, a steep year-on-year export decline is a direct, mechanical consequence of reduced output — not evidence that international buyers have gone elsewhere. Read this way, June's export weakness is a supply-side story, not a demand-side one. A Destination Mix That Looks Nothing Like Chrome Ore's China remained South Africa's largest ferrochrome destination in June, but at 31.56% of shipments, its share was far lower than the 67.61% it commanded in the equivalent chrome ore export data for the same month. That gap is telling: China's ferrochrome smelters are built to process imported raw chrome ore into alloy domestically, which is precisely why the country absorbs such an outsized share of South African ore but a comparatively smaller share of already-finished ferrochrome. South Korea's position as the second-largest destination, at 16.63%, fits the same logic from the opposite direction — Korea has limited domestic chrome ore resources and no comparable smelting base, so its stainless steel producers rely on imported semi-finished ferrochrome rather than ore. Together, the two destinations underscore how the ferrochrome trade is shaped by which countries can smelt their own ore and which cannot, a very different dynamic from the ore trade's concentration around Chinese furnace demand alone. A Possible Turning Point Ahead The timing of June's data is worth noting. Around the same period, Eskom and South Africa's ferrochrome producers reached a negotiated electricity tariff agreement, and Merafe subsequently announced the restart of the Wonderkop and Boshoek smelters at the very end of June. If that restart translates into a sustained production ramp-up through the second half of 2026, it raises the prospect that the worst of the year-on-year export declines may be behind the industry, with H2 2026 figures potentially beginning to narrow the gap against 2025 comparatives. That said, restarting idled smelters is rarely instantaneous, and the extent of any recovery will depend on how quickly output ramps back toward pre-suspension levels — a trend worth tracking closely over the coming months rather than assuming resolved. A Policy Backdrop Pulling in the Opposite Direction It's worth noting that ferrochrome sits on the other side of South Africa's chrome policy debate compared with raw ore. Where chrome ore exports have drawn government intervention — export permitting through ITAC and a proposed export tax, aimed specifically at discouraging raw shipments and pushing more material toward domestic beneficiation — ferrochrome is the very outcome that policy is designed to encourage more of. Seen against that backdrop, June's weak ferrochrome export figures represent something close to the opposite of the government's stated goal: less beneficiated product reaching export markets, even as raw ore shipments continue to climb. That contrast adds a layer of urgency to the smelter restart story, since a durable recovery in ferrochrome export volumes would be a more direct sign of the beneficiation strategy gaining traction than any adjustment to ore-export policy alone. A Note on Demand Resilience While South Korea's steady share of June shipments points to continued underlying buying interest, it's worth flagging that Chinese domestic high-carbon ferrochrome tender pricing had shown signs of softening in mid-July, with a bearish outlook for the following month's tender round. That suggests demand resilience may not be uniform across all destination markets, and is a detail worth weighing alongside the export volume data rather than assuming steady global demand across the board. Bottom Line June's ferrochrome export data tells a story of a market held down by supply constraints rather than weak demand, with a destination mix shaped by which countries smelt their own ore and which import the finished alloy. With Wonderkop and Boshoek now restarted and a new electricity tariff framework in place, the coming months will be the real test of whether South Africa's ferrochrome trade can begin closing the gap with 2025 levels, or whether the divergence between a booming chrome ore trade and a struggling ferrochrome trade becomes the defining feature of the country's chromium sector for the rest of 2026.

South Africa's chrome ore exports totalled 2,403.95kt in June 2026, easing a marginal 0.90% month-on-month but still standing 38.86% higher than a year earlier — the latest data point in a trend that has defined the country's chromium sector for well over a year: raw ore volumes holding firm or growing, even as the health of domestic ferrochrome smelting remains under separate and distinct pressure. Figure 1: South Africa chrome ore export volume and destination breakdown, June 2026 A Moderating, but Still Elevated, Trend June's figure sits within a narrow band that has now persisted for three consecutive months. Exports measured 2.47 million tonnes in April and 2.43 million tonnes in May, before easing further to 2.404 million tonnes in June — a gentle, incremental decline of roughly 2.7% across the quarter. Read in isolation, that could look like softening demand. Read against the year-on-year comparison, it looks more like a plateau at an unusually high level: April, May and June 2026 volumes have all come in well above 2025's equivalent months, with year-on-year growth running as high as 43% in May and still near 39% in June. In other words, the market has not cooled — it has simply stopped accelerating after an extended period of outsized growth. China's Grip on the Trade Tightens Further China absorbed 67.61% of South Africa's total June export volume, reaffirming its position as by far the largest buyer of South African chrome ore. That concentration is consistent with — and arguably an intensification of — the pattern seen through 2025, when China absorbed a record 12.5 million tonnes of South African chrome ore across the full year, up 23.8% year-on-year, driven by high operating rates at Chinese ferrochrome smelters feeding the country's stainless steel industry. With Chinese buyers taking more than two-thirds of a single month's exports, South Africa's chrome ore trade is now more dependent than ever on the health of one downstream market: Chinese ferrochrome production and, by extension, Chinese stainless steel demand. That concentration cuts both ways — it has underpinned South Africa's export volumes through a period of domestic smelting weakness, but it also leaves the country's ore exporters unusually exposed to any slowdown in Chinese furnace utilisation or stainless steel output. Singapore and the UAE: Trading Gateways, Not End-Use Markets Singapore (7.85%) and the UAE (7.82%) rounded out the top three destinations in June, together accounting for close to a sixth of total export volume. Neither country is a meaningful chrome ore consumer or ferrochrome producer in its own right; both are established global commodity trading and logistics hubs. The UAE in particular is widely positioned — including in the government's own economic development literature — as a re-export and re-distribution gateway to the wider Middle East and African markets, leveraging its logistics infrastructure rather than domestic industrial demand. Singapore plays a broadly similar role in Asian commodity trading flows. Their appearance in the top three is therefore best read as a signal of trading and blending activity — ore passing through intermediary hubs before final delivery — rather than genuine new demand centres competing with China for South African tonnage. The Structural Story Underneath the Numbers The persistence of strong ore exports alongside continued weakness in South Africa's own ferrochrome smelting capacity reflects a structural realignment in the country's chromium value chain rather than a short-term fluctuation. High grid electricity costs, an ageing domestic furnace fleet, and persistent logistics bottlenecks have steadily eroded the competitiveness of local beneficiation, encouraging producers to route an increasing share of mined chrome toward raw-ore export instead. That dynamic was starkly illustrated at the company level in Merafe Resources' H1 2026 production report, released in late July, which showed attributable ferrochrome production collapsing 75% to just 28,000 tonnes on extended smelter suspensions at Wonderkop and Boshoek, while chrome ore production held almost steady at 425,000 tonnes — the ore side of the business continuing to perform even as the alloy side went largely idle. At the same time, South Africa's supply base for chrome ore is arguably broadening rather than narrowing, even as dedicated ferrochrome capacity struggles. Several major platinum group metals producers — Sibanye-Stillwater, Northam Platinum, Eastplats, and project developer Southern Palladium at its Bengwenyama development — have all disclosed plans or results this year showing deliberate growth in chromite by-product recovery from their UG2 orebodies, treating chrome increasingly as a strategic parallel revenue stream rather than an incidental credit. That PGM-sector diversification adds a further source of tonnage to the ore-export pool, reinforcing the same pattern visible in the national trade data: more ore reaching the market, less of it being converted to ferrochrome domestically before it leaves the country. A Policy Response Still Working Through the System This is not an unnoticed trend within South Africa. In June 2025, Cabinet approved a coordinated set of interventions specifically aimed at curbing this shift — including realigning electricity tariffs for the ferrochrome industry, placing chrome ore under export control requiring an ITAC-administered export permit, and developing a chrome ore export tax alongside expanded Special Economic Zone incentives for smelters. The Department of Trade, Industry and Competition subsequently opened the export-tax and permitting framework for public comment in November 2025. More than six months on, June's trade data — still showing raw ore exports running nearly 39% above year-ago levels — suggests that whatever combination of permitting and tariff relief has been implemented so far has not yet meaningfully redirected material away from export and back into domestic beneficiation. Whether the fuller export tax framework, once finalised, changes that balance is likely to be one of the more consequential open questions for South Africa's chrome value chain over the remainder of 2026. Bottom Line June's export data confirms that South Africa's chrome ore trade remains structurally tilted toward raw shipments rather than domestic beneficiation, with China's share of that trade deepening rather than diversifying, and Singapore and the UAE functioning as trading conduits rather than genuine alternative markets. With PGM producers adding to the ore supply base even as ferrochrome smelters remain constrained, and government's export-control measures still working through implementation, the divergence between chrome ore and ferrochrome trade flows looks set to remain a defining feature of South Africa's chromium sector through the rest of 2026.

African Rainbow Minerals (ARM) plans to reopen Bokoni Platinum in South Africa with R15.2 billion in investment over seven years, targeting annual PGM production of up to 400,000 ounces from around 2030. The project follows a new feasibility study and a previous R2.2 billion impairment in ARM’s 2025 financial year. The restart has raised investor concerns over capital intensity and near-term cash generation, particularly if ARM also proceeds with the Two Rivers Merensky project. RMB Morgan Stanley estimates that funding both projects could push ARM into negative free cash flow for two to three years. ARM shares reportedly fell sharply following the Bokoni announcement. However, the project could benefit from improving PGM market fundamentals. South African PGM production is declining while renewed automotive demand, supported by slower-than-expected EV adoption, could strengthen prices. ARM entered the project with a strong balance sheet, including R9.5 billion in net cash at end-June. Bokoni's restart could add significant future PGM supply, but its high capital requirements and challenging mining history create execution and cash-flow risks for ARM.

Aug 7 News: At north China ports, manganese ore prices declined WoW across all grades: 46% Australian lumps (40-40.5 yuan/mtu), South African semi-carbonate (32.7-33.2 yuan/mtu), Gabonese ore (37.8-38.2 yuan/mtu), South African high-iron ore (28.5-29 yuan/mtu), and South African medium-iron ore (35-35.5 yuan/mtu). At south China ports, manganese ore prices were mixed WoW: 46% Australian lumps (42.9-43.4 yuan/mtu) remained flat, South African semi-carbonate (36.3-36.8 yuan/mtu) declined, Gabonese ore (40.6-41.1 yuan/mtu) declined, South African high-iron ore (31.2-31.7 yuan/mtu) declined, and South African medium-iron ore (38-38.5 yuan/mtu) remained flat. Manganese ore market prices are grinding lower, end-use demand is sluggish, and traders are commonly cutting prices to sell.