SMM Flash: Overall, steel export quotations saw relatively small increases today, with most order shipment schedules concentrated in May and June. Recently, as international crude oil prices continued to rise, ocean freight rates increased sharply, and most traders' CIF quotations were too high to secure deals. Meanwhile, according to an SMM survey, taking the Vietnamese market as an example, the CIF prices of supplies from India, Russia, and other sources also rose significantly, and their advantage over local supplies was no longer prominent, resulting in low market acceptance.

On Tuesday, Eastern Time, Chicago Fed President Goolsbee warned that the energy shock stemming from the Middle East conflict is threatening the US Fed’s dual mandate, complicating its monetary policy outlook and potentially delaying interest rate cuts—echoing earlier remarks by Fed Governor Barr that inflation risks and oil prices support keeping rates unchanged for longer. Specifically, the energy price shock poses risks to both sides of the US Fed’s dual mandate, making the trade-off between controlling inflation and supporting economic growth more complex. “The new shock has undoubtedly disrupted the US Fed’s plans... and inflation was already uncomfortably high even before the shock occurred,” Goolsbee said bluntly. Goolsbee noted that central bank policymakers around the world lack clear historical experience to draw on in dealing with the current mix of geopolitical risks and inflationary pressures, and therefore “this is a bad situation for central banks.” Goolsbee stressed that the current path of interest rates at central banks around the world still depends heavily on how the conflict evolves, especially its impact on energy markets. As for the US Fed, he said he is not yet able to judge whether it will be able to cut interest rates again, because that outlook depends on the duration of the conflict and the extent to which rising oil prices affect overall inflation. “Only if inflation shows improvement can one realistically expect rates to fall this year,” he added, further reinforcing the US Fed’s data-dependent stance. The US Fed’s Internal Stance Is Turning More Cautious These remarks by Goolsbee were highly consistent with earlier comments by Fed Governor Michael Barr. Barr had previously also emphasized that, given that US inflation remains above target and elevated oil prices are further pushing up inflation, interest rates may need to remain unchanged “for some time.” In addition, Barr likewise pointed out that although the US labour market appears to be stabilizing, US Fed officials need to see clear evidence of sustained disinflation before considering interest rate cuts. Taken together, these comments highlight the US Fed’s increasingly cautious shift in stance. As geopolitical developments exert a growing influence on the US inflation outlook, the combination of persistent price pressures and external shocks has reinforced expectations that high inflation will last longer, while also creating uncertainty over the feasibility of further policy easing in the near term. For markets, the key point is that after the Russia-Ukraine shock several years ago, energy-driven inflation risks have now been firmly incorporated into the US Fed’s reaction function. As a result, US Fed rate expectations may remain sensitive not only to economic data, but also to developments in the Middle East conflict and their impact on oil prices.

[SMM Midday Tin Commentary: Improving Macro Sentiment Drove a Rebound in Tin Prices, While Follow-Through in Spot Transactions Remained Limited]

[SMM Silicon-Based PV Morning Meeting Summary] Silicon Metal: Spot silicon metal prices remained in a stalemate consolidation. Yesterday, SMM east China oxygen-blown #553 silicon was at 9,100-9,300 yuan/mt, and #441 silicon at 9,300-9,500 yuan/mt, unchanged from the previous day. The quote center of some silicon enterprises was slightly lower than that of trading firms engaging in both spot and futures market, while downstream users mainly transacted at lower prices, and overall market trading activity was subdued. Polysilicon: N-type recharging polysilicon was quoted at 38-47 yuan/kg. Polysilicon prices continued to decline somewhat recently, mainly affected by market sentiment and inventory clearance by some leading enterprises. At present, low-priced polysilicon has already fallen below the cost line of some manufacturers, and the sentiment to hold quotes firm has strengthened somewhat. The upstream market was also still watching wafer price movements.

Today, the most-traded BC copper 2604 contract opened at the intraday low of 82,550 yuan/mt, then fluctuated upward in early trading. After the daytime session opened, the center of copper prices surged in a straight line to a high of 85,250 yuan/mt, then moved in wide swings and finally closed at 84,610 yuan/mt, up 1.22%. Open interest stood at 4,302 lots, down 643 lots from the previous trading day, while trading volume reached 3,695 lots, indicating bears reduced positions. On the macro front, the US Department of Justice admitted it lacked evidence for its investigation into Powell, and his term is expected to be extended; coupled with renewed market expectations for easing tensions in the Middle East and somewhat alleviated inflation concerns, the US dollar weakened, and multiple positive factors jointly boosted copper prices. Fundamentally, on the supply side, arrivals of both domestic and imported cargoes were steady, with ample market circulation; on the demand side, affected by rising copper prices, downstream purchasing sentiment pulled back, with procurement maintained only for rigid demand. The SHFE copper 2604 contract closed at 95,550 yuan/mt. Based on the BC copper 2604 contract at 84,610 yuan/mt, its after-tax price was 95,609 yuan/mt. The price spread between the SHFE copper 2604 contract and BC copper was -59, with the spread inverting again.

On March 25, the SMM average price of battery-grade nickel sulphate remained stable.

[SMM Daily Brief Review of Coking Coal and Coke] In terms of supply, with costs remaining high, most coke producers saw wider losses and began to push for a coke price hike, but losses remained within an acceptable range, and coke production stayed stable. On the demand side, steel trading improved somewhat, steel mills became more willing to produce, and daily average hot metal production continued to increase, further boosting rigid demand for coke. Overall, coke fundamentals shifted toward tightness, but steel mills showed only average acceptance of higher coke prices, and the coke market may remain generally stable with slight rise in the short term.

SMM, March 25: During the day, the most-traded SHFE lead 2605 contract opened at 16,495 yuan/mt. After the opening, driven by broad gains across the nonferrous metals complex, prices quickly surged to an intraday high of 16,590 yuan/mt, then fluctuated lower, giving back part of the gains and moving slightly around the daily average line. Near the close, the SHFE lead price center edged higher, fluctuating rangebound within the 16,488-16,542 yuan/mt range, while the tug-of-war between longs and shorts eased. It finally closed at 16,495 yuan/mt. A small bullish candlestick was recorded, up 75 yuan/mt, or 0.46%. Primary lead suppliers held prices firm, and premiums in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai were raised slightly. Coupled with tight circulating supply caused by maintenance at some secondary lead enterprises, this supported lead prices. Downstream buyers mainly purchased as needed. As secondary lead prices inverted against primary lead prices, spot orders showed a stronger preference for primary lead. Overall, spot support remained strong, providing downside support for lead prices, but with more downstream bargaining and a lack of strong upward momentum, prices are expected to remain rangebound in the short term. Data source disclaimer: Except for public information, all other data is processed and derived by SMM based on public information, market communication, and SMM's internal database models, and is for reference only and does not constitute decision-making advice.

SMM News, March 25: In early trading, SHFE aluminum 2604 fluctuated downward, but was slightly higher than the previous trading day. Overall market buying sentiment was good, and sellers held prices firm as aluminum prices remained at relatively low levels. Later in the morning, SHFE aluminum 2604 fluctuated upward, with its center running higher than the previous trading day. Some sellers still did not quote prices, while some showed a notably stronger willingness to hold prices firm. Overall market buying sentiment was good. Today’s mainstream transaction prices were concentrated around the average price of the SHFE aluminum 04 contract to a premium of 10 yuan/mt. Today, the east China market shipment sentiment index was 2.64, up 0.01 WoW; the purchasing sentiment index was 2.42, up 0.02 WoW. Today, aluminum prices stopped falling and rebounded. Affected by the fear of further declines over the previous two days, traders and downstream processing enterprises in central China showed slightly improved buying sentiment today from the previous day, but overall transactions had not yet returned to a fully active state, and buyers tended to purchase at wider discounts. Ultimately, actual transaction prices in the central China market ranged from a discount of 20 yuan to a premium of 10 yuan against the central China price. Today, the central China market shipment sentiment index was 2.64, up 0.01 WoW; the purchasing sentiment index was 2.42, up 0.02 WoW. Inventory side, aluminum ingot inventory in major consumption regions increased by 4,000 mt from the previous period today, with Guangdong being the main source of destocking. In the short term, aluminum ingot continued its post-Chinese New Year seasonal inventory buildup. Supported by bullish sentiment, premiums are expected to remain on a narrowing trend.

Silver prices rebounded and rose today, and the spot-futures price spread between TD and the most-traded SHFE silver contract narrowed. Some suppliers were reluctant to sell and stayed on the sidelines, while downstream buyers generally negotiated prices and bought the dip. In the Shanghai market, during early trading, mainstream quotations from holders of national-standard silver ingots were quoted at premiums of 100-150 yuan/kg against TD, or at premiums of 50-80 yuan/kg against the SHFE silver 2604 contract. Only a small volume was traded in early trading. As the spot-futures price spread narrowed and silver prices surged, downstream purchasing interest declined markedly. Although some suppliers were reluctant to sell and remained on the sidelines due to costs and other factors, some sellers in the market cut prices and sold at premiums of 0-20 yuan/kg against the 2604 contract. Spot market quotations varied widely, buyers and sellers engaged in intense bargaining, downstream enterprises made small-volume purchases on dips, and market transactions turned subdued.