Recently, a team from the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (hereinafter referred to as "DICP"), Chinese Academy of Sciences, achieved a major technological breakthrough by successfully constructing the world's first gas-solid hydride ion prototype battery (hereinafter referred to as "gas-solid battery") using hydrogen gas and metal as electrodes. The battery adopts a "hydrogen-electricity co-storage" mode, enabling charging with hydrogen and discharging electricity, as well as charging with electricity and releasing hydrogen, providing a practical prototype verification for efficient hydrogen storage under ambient temperature and pressure conditions, and solving a long-standing core challenge in the field of hydrogen energy utilization. It is reported that hydride ions are the "electron-rich" state of hydrogen. As charge carriers, they possess the notable characteristics of high reactivity and high energy, and are considered one of the key pathways for developing next-generation all-solid-state batteries. However, hydride ions are extremely unstable under natural conditions, a property that makes it difficult for scientists to directly apply them in electrochemical energy storage, constituting a bottleneck constraining the development of related technologies. To overcome this technological bottleneck, the DICP team innovatively designed a system using magnesium metal and hydrogen gas as the anode and cathode active materials respectively, successfully assembling the world's first gas-solid hydride ion battery capable of operating across a wide temperature range. The core advantage of this battery lies in enabling hydride ions to provide high energy for the battery while achieving an ingenious integration with electrochemical hydrogen storage: during discharge, hydrogen gas is reduced to hydride ions at the cathode, while the metal is oxidized to cations at the anode to form metal hydrides; during charging, the two electrodes respectively release hydrogen molecules and regenerate metal, truly realizing the synergistic effect of simultaneous charging/discharging and hydrogen storage/release. Experimental data show that the gas-solid battery demonstrates excellent performance: in the hydrogen-charged state, the initial discharge capacity reaches as high as 1,526 mAh/g; when a voltage of 0.3 V is applied, approximately 6.0 wt% hydrogen (calculated based on MgH₂ in the electrode) can be released at room temperature; after 60 cycles, the capacity retention rate still exceeds 70%, and the battery can operate stably across a wide temperature range from as low as -20°C to as high as 90°C. Furthermore, the team stacked 10 single cells into a series-connected battery pack with an output voltage exceeding 2.4 V, successfully lighting up an LED bulb, marking the official debut of the gas-solid hydride ion prototype battery. Energy efficiency analysis further indicates that the energy utilization efficiency of this "hydrogen-electricity co-storage" system can reach 93.9%, representing a one-third improvement over conventional thermal hydrogen storage methods. This original achievement is of great significance, providing an entirely new technical route for solving the hydrogen storage challenge that has persisted in the hydrogen energy utilization field for over half a century. It completely eliminates the extreme conditions required by traditional hydrogen storage, such as high pressure (700 atm) or cryogenic temperatures (-253°C), and is expected to give rise to new-type hydrogen storage technologies, clearing key obstacles for the large-scale development of the hydrogen energy industry. Looking ahead, the DICP team stated that it will continue to focus on core technology breakthroughs, concentrating R&D efforts on higher performance hydride ion conductors and electrode materials, continuously improving overall battery performance, developing proprietary core technologies, accelerating the practical application of hydride ion batteries, and injecting new momentum into the high-quality development of the global hydrogen energy industry.

In April 2026, magnesium prices fell by a cumulative 800 yuan/mt within the month. As of April 30, mainstream quotations for 99.90% magnesium ingot in the Fugu and Shenmu areas remained at 16,600 yuan/mt. In April 2026, domestic magnesium ingot prices continued to decline overall. Supply side, the earlier recovery in magnesium prices drove profit restoration across the industry, and under profit incentives, major magnesium producers actively raised operating rates and increased magnesium ingot production, resulting in a notable increase in market supply and growing overall supply pressure. Demand side, downstream producers in China exhibited strong fear of high prices, mostly making just-in-time procurement, with the overall procurement pace slowing down significantly. Meanwhile, export trade was affected by stricter customs inspections, with order clearance and shipment disrupted, leading to a short-term pullback in exports. Insufficient support from both domestic and external demand dragged April magnesium prices into a sustained decline. Primary magnesium production rose 3.63% MoM in April. April domestic primary magnesium production increased notably, mainly because magnesium prices rose steadily from late March and market conditions continued to recover. Rising magnesium prices drove profit restoration at smelters, prompting previously idled or low-load enterprises to resume production under profit incentives, while operating enterprises simultaneously raised their operating loads. Industry operating rates continued to climb, with enterprises collectively ramping up and resuming production, pushing April primary magnesium production to grow steadily. By province, most primary magnesium smelters maintained stable production in April, while some increased output. Provinces with rising primary magnesium production in April were mainly Shaanxi and Xinjiang. Specifically, primary magnesium smelters in the main producing areas saw production increases, with Shaanxi's share of primary magnesium edging up slightly as two primary magnesium smelters resumed production and most operated at full capacity. In April, one primary magnesium smelter in Xinjiang gradually commissioned new capacity, and Xinjiang's share of primary magnesium production edged up. Looking ahead to May, current magnesium prices are approaching the cost lines of primary magnesium smelters in the main producing areas. Some producers plan to halt production for maintenance in May, and primary magnesium production is expected to edge down slightly in May. In April 2026, magnesium alloy production decreased 7.18% MoM. This round of decline in magnesium alloy production was caused by multiple factors on both the supply and demand sides: affected by the continued decline in magnesium ingot prices, the sentiment of rushing to buy amid continuous price rise and holding back amid price downturn spread among downstream players, with die-casting enterprises showing weak order willingness. This was compounded by the cancellation of some magnesium alloy orders by the two-wheeler industry, triggering a chain reaction that further pressured midstream processing orders. Meanwhile, after a fire incident at a die-casting plant, regional environmental protection supervision tightened, constraining production. Multiple factors dragged down magnesium alloy orders. Supply side, some alloy enterprises entered routine maintenance cycles, leading to phased production cuts, and production performance remained weak under multiple pressures. Magnesium alloy production is expected to continue its upward trend in May. Supply side, according to SMM, multiple magnesium alloy smelters raised their operating rates, and some magnesium alloy production lines at smelters that were under maintenance in April resumed production. A newly built magnesium alloy smelter was completed and put into operation, with magnesium alloy supply rising steadily. Demand side, die-casting equipment is being installed successively, and current magnesium alloy die-casting capacity is rising steadily. Moreover, stricter enforcement of the new national standard for two-wheelers may transmit policy-driven momentum upstream to drive a recovery in magnesium alloy orders. Overall, the magnesium alloy market is expected to see robust supply and demand in May, with magnesium alloy production growing steadily. In early to mid-May, operating rates of China's primary magnesium smelters stayed high, with operating rates in major producing areas rising above 80%. Spot supply of magnesium ingots in the market was ample, and overall inventory pressure on smelters was relatively high. After the Labour Day holiday, some magnesium plants urgently needed to collect payments to pay electricity bills, distribute employee wages, and maintain daily operations, proactively offering price concessions to stimulate transactions. However, supported by raw material and production costs, the room for price adjustments by magnesium plants was limited, and the magnesium ingot price range remained at 16,000-16,500 yuan/mt in early to mid-May. In mid to late May, after a prolonged gradual decline in magnesium prices in the earlier period, magnesium prices bottomed out driven by concentrated downstream restocking, but the overall rebound height was limited. Current market supply pressure is relatively high, and magnesium prices lack unilateral upward momentum. Meanwhile, from the perspective of costs and the supply-demand pattern, downside room for magnesium prices has also narrowed. On one hand, primary magnesium smelters are already approaching the break-even line and can hardly withstand significant deep price drops. On the other hand, current temperatures already meet the conditions for magnesium plants to halt production for maintenance. If prices continue to decline further, smelters may collectively halt production for maintenance to contract supply, ease market inventory pressure, and further support magnesium prices.

[SMM Weekly Magnesium Production Flash Report] This week, the inventory of manufacturers decreased by 5.02% compared to the previous week. Affected by inventory pressure and financial pressure, magnesium ingot smelting manufacturers showed significantly increased enthusiasm for shipments this week. Terminal manufacturers and traders replenished their stocks at low prices, leading to a slight recovery in market transactions. Supported by the transactions, the inventory of some manufacturers decreased significantly, and the overall inventory of manufacturers showed a downward trend.

[SMM Weekly Magnesium Production Flash Report] From May 8th to May 14th, the weekly production of the national sample magnesium plants was 23,576 tons, with a weekly operating rate of 77.4%, a 1.8% decrease compared to the previous week.

[Recovering Transactions Underpinned the Magnesium Market as Weekly Inventory Continued to Decline] From May 8 to May 14, the weekly production of sampled magnesium plants nationwide was 23,576 mt, with a weekly operating rate of 77.4%, down 1.8% WoW.

[SMM Magnesium Express] At the recent Turkmen-Chinese business forum in Ashgabat, China's Shaanxi Yulin Energy Group proposed establishing a magnesium alloy production project in Turkmenistan. The project aims to combine Turkmenistan's raw material base with the company's technological expertise to create new production capacity and expand bilateral cooperation in resource processing and industrial development.

A Chinese energy and chemical firm plans to build a magnesium alloy project in Turkmenistan, leveraging local resources and Chinese technology. Meanwhile, Brazil sharply raised anti-dumping duties on Chinese magnesium ingots to $4.07/kg, effectively closing direct export channels.

[SMM Magnesium Express] Brazil has recently significantly increased the anti-dumping duty on magnesium ingots originating in China from US$1.18/kg to US$4.07/kg. This measure, which dates back to 2004, has undergone multiple sunset reviews. The current adjustment follows a review initiated at the request of Brazilian domestic enterprises and takes effect from the date of publication. Brazil's primary magnesium output is only ~22,000 t/yr, while import demand reaches 300,000–400,000 t/yr. However, China currently exports almost no magnesium ingots to Brazil. The move could divert other regional supplies into Brazil, indirectly impacting global trade flows of Chinese magnesium downstream and finished products.

[SMM Magnesium Survey: Chinese Magnesium Industry Expands into Turkmenistan, Brazil's Tariff Hike Blocks Exports to Brazil] A Chinese energy and chemical enterprise planned to build a magnesium alloy project in Turkmenistan, combining local raw materials with Chinese technology. Brazil significantly raised the anti-dumping duty on magnesium ingots from China to $4.07/kg, effectively closing the direct export channel.

[Dragged Down by Strong Supply and Weak Demand, Magnesium Prices Fell] Magnesium prices were in the doldrums today. Producers' quotes remained firm in the morning session, but some producers cut prices for shipments in the afternoon, with low-priced supplies increasing. Downstream wait-and-see sentiment was strong, with buyers making just-in-time procurement only, and the market showed a pattern of strong supply and weak demand.