Metal materials are widely used in automotive components, and their price fluctuations significantly impact cost structures. According to SMM estimates, a typical NEV's cost breakdown is as follows: power battery (35%-40%), traction motor and motor controller (10%-20%), body/chassis/interior (30%), and other electronics (7%). This analysis focuses on the traction motor system, as SMM has extensively covered batteries elsewhere. Within the motor system (10%-20% of total vehicle cost), raw materials account for the largest share. Key metal inputs include rare earth-neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) magnets (30%-35%) , copper-enameled wires (15%) , and aluminum-structural components (20%) . The simultaneous surge in these metals from late 2025 to early 2026 has placed immense cost pressure on motor manufacturers and NEV OEMs . 1. Rare Earth Metals: Supply Squeeze and Demand Resilience Drive Prices Up ​ Rare earth prices, particularly for praseodymium-neodymium (PrNd) metal, have risen sharply. As of February 9, 2026, PrNd prices reached 975,000–985,000 RMB/ton , a year-to-date increase of 33.1% . This acceleration stems from tight supply ​ (limited upstream output, weak production activity, and reduced spot availability due to long-term contract deliveries) and robust demand ​ (steady overseas orders for magnetic materials and growing expectations for NEVs and e-bikes in 2026). These factors collectively pushed prices upward . Motor manufacturers face greater challenges than magnetic material suppliers. They must absorb not only soaring rare earth costs but also high copper prices. Compounding this, motor makers struggle to pass cost increases downstream . NEV OEMs, grappling with fierce market competition, resist price adjustments. Consequently, motor producers are caught between expanding losses ​ (if they continue production) and losing market share ​ (if they halt operations). Their weak bargaining power, due to proximity to concentrated downstream customers, exacerbates the strain . 2. Copper: Structural Supply-Demand Imbalance and Financial Factors ​ Copper prices rose sharply from 87,000 RMB/ton in late 2025 to 105,000 RMB/ton in early 2026 , a gain of over 20% , and have remained elevated. This rally was driven by: Supply-chain constraints : Production disruptions in major copper-producing countries (e.g., Chile, Peru), geopolitical tensions, and logistics bottlenecks limited short-term supply. Financial influences : Global liquidity conditions and inflation expectations attracted speculative capital, amplifying price volatility. Strong demand : Sustained optimism regarding data centers and cable demand further supported prices . The impact on motors is direct and significant. Copper, critical for stator and rotor windings, constitutes a substantial portion of motor raw material costs. The price surge adds hundreds of RMB to the cost per motor , translating to billions of RMB in additional annual expenses ​ for large-scale OEMs. This pressure cascades through the supply chain, squeezing margins for material suppliers, motor makers, and vehicle manufacturers. While some industrial motor firms have raised prices, NEV OEMs have so far absorbed the costs, further straining their profitability . 3. Aluminum: Tight Fundamentals Amid Energy Transition Demand ​ Aluminum prices climbed nearly 10% ​ from December 2025 to January 2026, primarily due to structural supply-demand tightness . Demand is bolstered by global energy transition trends (e.g., NEV bodies, battery trays, and e-drive casings) and solar PV growth. On the supply side, aluminum production—highly energy-intensive—faces pressure from elevated global power prices, leading to unstable operational rates. Financial investors' focus on "green metals" has also contributed to price gains . Although aluminum's cost sensitivity is lower than copper's, it is widely used in motor housings, end covers, and cooling systems. Price increases directly raise motor manufacturing expenses, costing hundreds of millions of RMB ​ for producers at million-unit annual scales and eroding margins for motor suppliers and OEMs . 4. Path Forward: Technology and Supply Chain Adaptation ​ The concurrent rise in rare earth, copper, and aluminum prices has created unprecedented cost pressure. Motor and vehicle manufacturers urgently seek cost reductions, but technological solutions (e.g., flat-wire motors , material recycling ) require time. Short-term strategies include long-term supply contracts ​ and futures hedging ​ to manage risks. Long-term success will hinge on material innovation ​ (e.g., reducing rare earth content, optimizing aluminum-for-copper substitution) and vertical supply chain integration ​ to navigate resource constraints . SMM advises industry players to closely monitor policy shifts and alternative technologies, adapting procurement and production strategies dynamically

On February 10, 2026, Aihydrogen Technology (Group) Co., Ltd. formally signed a cooperation agreement with the Chengkou County People's Government of Chongqing Municipality. The two parties will jointly develop an integrated "generation-grid-load-storage-hydrogen" comprehensive energy demonstration project. Supported by the core technology of magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage, the project aims to promote the deep integration of new energy and hydrogen energy industries, assist Chengkou in building a new highland for hydrogen energy demonstration in north-east Chongqing, and inject new "hydrogen" momentum into the optimization of China's energy structure. Zhang Jijun, Secretary of the Chengkou County Committee, Wang Chunmei, Deputy Secretary of the County Committee and County Mayor, and all members of the county leadership team attended the signing ceremony. Based on Chengkou County's resource endowment and strategic positioning, this cooperation project plans several core construction elements: utilizing Aihydrogen Technology's self-developed magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage technology to solve the challenges of hydrogen storage and transportation, enabling large-scale and safe development of hydrogen energy; planning the construction of an integrated super comprehensive energy station for oil, electricity, gas, and hydrogen, strengthening the energy supporting infrastructure for Chengkou's logistics hub connecting Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Chongqing; deploying various types of hydrogen energy vehicles, such as hydrogen logistics vehicles and sightseeing vehicles, across transportation, industrial, and livelihood scenarios to build a comprehensive green hydrogen application ecosystem; leveraging Chengkou's abundant wind, solar, and water resources to establish a green electricity-to-green hydrogen production base, forming a complete industrial chain of "green hydrogen production from green electricity - solid-state hydrogen storage - diversified hydrogen utilization". Chengkou County is located at the junction of three provinces/municipalities: Chongqing, Sichuan, and Shaanxi. It is an important strategic period in the Chengdu-Chongqing dual-city economic circle and the "Western Triangle" economic zone. The forest coverage rate reaches 72.8%, and reserves of new energy resources such as PV and wind power are abundant. Its solar resource endowment ranks among the top in Chongqing Municipality. The county is accelerating its efforts towards the construction goals of the "Daba Mountain New Energy Base" and the "Chongqing Green, Low-Carbon, Clean Energy Demonstration Zone". Simultaneously, Chengkou has been included as a key expansion area for the hydrogen refueling station industry in Chongqing's development plans, holding an important position in the construction of the "Chengdu-Chongqing Hydrogen Corridor" and the establishment of a western hydrogen energy hub. The launch of this project coincides with a strategic window period for Chongqing's advancement of its "16th Five-Year Plan" and enhancing the energy level of the dual-city economic circle, indicating broad development prospects. The solid-state hydrogen comprehensive energy station to be implemented in this project will break through the functional limitations of traditional hydrogen refueling stations. It will integrate green energy supply, emergency backup power, and community services, creating a benchmark for micro-energy hubs and providing safe and efficient hydrogen energy support for Chengkou's transportation and logistics, cultural tourism industry, and residents' daily lives. After completion, the project is expected to not only promote the upgrade of green infrastructure in Chengkou and support the development of the regional hydrogen energy transportation network but also enhance the local renewable energy consumption capacity, cultivate new quality productive forces in the energy sector, and provide replicable and scalable practical experience for the optimization and upgrade of the energy structure in north-east Chongqing. To ensure the high-quality implementation and operation of the project, Aihydrogen Technology is collaborating deeply with Zhonglai New Energy. Leveraging the latter's professional expertise in green power supply and combining it with its own leading magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage technology, the partnership aims to provide dual support through both technology and resources. Jolywood, CGN New Energy, SPIC, Air China Group, and other enterprises also participated in this signing event, collaborating with all parties to advance project construction and build a multi-party synergistic hydrogen energy industry development ecosystem. As a leading domestic magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage technology enterprise, Suzhou-based Ai Hydrogen Technology was established in 2019. Its independently developed magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage equipment technology can effectively address the pain points of hydrogen storage and transportation in the hydrogen energy industry, enabling large-scale hydrogen storage and transportation with high efficiency and low cost. The company has already secured Series A funding led by Anhui State-owned Capital, with its technology maturity and industrial implementation capabilities ranking among the top in the industry. The cooperation with Chengkou County Government is a key strategic move for Ai Hydrogen Technology in deploying its presence in the western hydrogen energy market. In the future, the enterprise will use this project as a starting point to deeply participate in the hydrogen energy industry development in Chongqing and the western region, steadily building a hydrogen energy service system covering northeastern Chongqing and radiating across the Chengdu-Chongqing area. Through technological empowerment, project demonstration, and multi-party collaboration, it will contribute professional expertise to building a modern energy system that is clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient.

[SMM Magnesium Weekly Review: Magnesium Market Remained Stable Pre-Holiday, Prices Steady in Major Production Areas, Overseas Inquiries Increased but Trading Remained Sluggish] This week, the domestic magnesium industry chain market operated steadily overall. As the Chinese New Year holiday approached, market trading activity gradually slowed, with participants generally adopting a wait-and-see attitude. The dolomite market remained stable overall; the suspension of production by top-tier enterprises in the Wutai region led to tight supply of high-quality resources, but other major production areas promptly compensated for the gap, ensuring stable supply. Steady operations at primary magnesium enterprises in Shaanxi, Shanxi, and Inner Mongolia generated rigid demand, coupled with rising pre-holiday freight costs pushing up expenses, supporting relatively strong prices. The magnesium ingot market held steady, as smelters in major production areas saw eased funding pressure and maintained firm offers, while downstream pre-holiday stockpiling concluded, resulting in sluggish spot trades. In the Tianjin Port FOB market, overseas new orders were scarce, mostly for forward delivery, with the Chinese New Year holiday impacting the progress of actual transactions. Magnesium powder enterprises slowed their production pace after completing raw material stockpiling, as both domestic and international procurement neared completion, leading to a cooling trading atmosphere. Magnesium alloy enterprises operated normally, but downstream die-casting and end-user companies gradually began holiday breaks, resulting in subdued orders. The tight supply-demand balance supported firm processing fees.

In mid-February 2026, the CAAM and the China Power Battery Industry Innovation Alliance successively released data related to the automotive and power battery markets for January 2026. According to analysis by the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, in January 2026, the automotive industry overall operated steadily, the passenger vehicle market experienced some decline, the commercial vehicle market continued its positive trend, the new energy vehicle market operated smoothly, and auto exports maintained growth.......SMM compiled relevant data for the automotive market and power battery market in January 2026 for readers' reference. Automotive Sector CAAM: Auto Production and Sales Both Exceeded 2 Million Units in January 2026, Production Edged Up YoY In January, auto production and sales reached 2.45 million and 2.346 million units respectively, with production up 0.01% YoY , while sales fell 3.2% YoY, and dropped 25.7% and 28.3% MoM respectively. CAAM: China's NEV Production and Sales Reached 1.041 Million and 945,000 Units Respectively in January 2026, Up 2.5% and 0.1% YoY In January, NEV production and sales reached 1.041 million and 945,000 units respectively, increasing 2.5% and 0.1% YoY respectively , with NEV new car sales accounting for 40.3% of total new car sales. CAAM: Auto Exports Continued Growth in January, NEV Exports Saw Rapid Growth In January, auto exports reached 681,000 units, up 44.9% YoY , but down 9.5% MoM . NEV exports were 302,000 units, doubling YoY and rising 0.5% MoM ; traditional fuel vehicle exports were 380,000 units, up 18.8% YoY , but falling 16.1% MoM. Regarding the January auto market, CAAM stated that the automotive industry overall operated steadily, the passenger vehicle market saw some decline, the commercial vehicle market continued its positive trend, the NEV market operated smoothly, and auto exports maintained growth. The main factors contributing to the market decline were: first, the transition adjustment of the NEV purchase tax policy; second, many local car purchase subsidy policies were at the annual transition period; third, some consumer demand was released in advance during 2025. In the first month of 2026, the state intensively introduced a series of policies benefiting people and enterprises to support people's livelihoods and economic development. Among these, the "program of large-scale equipment upgrades and consumer goods trade-ins" policy transitioned smoothly and orderly, with various regions successively following up and releasing implementation rules; the "Work Plan for Accelerating the Cultivation of New Growth Points in Service Consumption" focused on key areas such as the automotive aftermarket service to stimulate market vitality. With the refinement and implementation of relevant policies, it is expected to help stabilize and rebound market demand, supporting the stable operation of the industry. According to CAAM, the 15th Five-Year Plan period is a critical window for China's automotive industry to transition towards high-quality development, requiring the industry to focus on improving quality and efficiency while maintaining stable market operations. In terms of power batteries, China's cumulative sales of power and ESS batteries in January reached 148.8 GWh, up 85.1% YoY In January, China's sales of power and ESS batteries totaled 148.8 GWh, down 25.4% MoM , but up 85.1% YoY . Among these, power battery sales were 102.7 GWh, accounting for 69.0% of total sales, down 28.6% MoM but up 63.2% YoY; ESS battery sales were 46.1 GWh, accounting for 31.0% of total sales, down 17.0% MoM but up 164.0% YoY. In January, China's combined exports of power and ESS batteries reached 24.1 GWh, down 26.0% MoM but up 38.3% YoY , accounting for 16.2% of that month's sales. Among these, power battery exports were 17.7 GWh, accounting for 73.3% of total exports, down 7.1% MoM but up 59.3% YoY; ESS battery exports were 6.4 GWh, accounting for 26.7% of total exports, down 52.6% MoM but up 1.4% YoY. In January, domestic power battery installations totaled 42.0 GWh, up 8.4% YoY In January, domestic power battery installations reached 42.0 GWh, down 57.2% MoM , but up 8.4% YoY . Among these, ternary battery installations were 9.4 GWh, accounting for 22.3% of total installations, down 48.6% MoM but up 9.6% YoY; LFP battery installations were 32.7 GWh, accounting for 77.7% of total installations, down 59.1% MoM but up 8.1% YoY. New automakers showed divergent YoY growth performances in January, with Leap Motor continuing to "lead the pack," while Xiaomi Auto delivered over 39,000 units in its first month According to statistics compiled by a CLS reporter on the January sales of 15 A/H-share listed automakers, nine companies achieved YoY growth, accounting for 60% of the total. The increase in NEV sales and expansion into overseas markets were key drivers of overall growth for these automakers. SAIC sold 327,000 units in January, up 23.94% YoY, returning to the top sales position. The NEV segment continued to gain momentum, with SAIC selling 85,000 NEVs in January 2026, up 39.7% YoY, placing its sales volume in the industry's leading tier. As for Geely, which ranked second, its January sales reached 270,200 units, up 1.29% YoY and 14.08% MoM, making it the only automaker to achieve positive growth both year-on-year and month-on-month. Geely stated, "2026 is a major product year for Geely Auto. The company will launch 1-2 new products each quarter, covering multiple new hybrid car models and a new generation of methanol-hydrogen energy models, aiming to hit the full-year sales target of 3.45 million units." On the export front, Geely has set its 2026 export sales target at 640,000 units, representing a YoY increase of over 50%. In the new energy vehicle market for January, based on the delivery figures released by major automakers, deliveries MoM from December 2025 saw varying degrees of decline across companies. Among them, Leap Motor continued to lead in 2026, ranking first among new automakers with deliveries of 32,059 units, up 27.37% YoY but down 46.94% MoM. To stabilize the market, Leap Motor accelerated its channel development, recently adding 85 new stores. As of January 5, the total number of stores nationwide reached 1,068, ensuring more users can conveniently experience Leap Motor’s products and services. On February 2, Leap Motor launched new car purchase benefits for February, including a New Year cash discount of 11,000 yuan, a New Year friends reward offering up to 10,000 energy points, and a New Year financial benefit with up to 5 years of zero interest. Li Auto regained momentum in January, ranking just behind Leap Motor with 27,668 units delivered, down 7.55% YoY and 37.47% MoM. As of January 31, 2026, Li Auto’s cumulative historical deliveries reached 1,567,883 units. On February 5, Li Xiang, Chairman of Li Auto, stated on social media that the new Li L9 will be launched in 2026, describing it as “not just a car, but a pioneering work of embodied AI robots.” Caixin reporters learned that Li Auto has established an AI company structure, including teams for computing power and data, base models, software, and hardware, to build capabilities for creating “silicon-based humans.” As of January 31, 2026, Li Auto had 547 retail centers nationwide, covering 159 cities, along with 547 after-sales service and authorized service centers, covering 221 cities. The company has put into use 3,966 Li Auto supercharging stations across the country, equipped with 21,945 charging piles. NIO’s January deliveries totaled 27,182 units, up 96.08% YoY but down 43.53% MoM. On the afternoon of February 1, the 60,000th new ES8 was delivered in Guangzhou, taking 134 days to achieve this milestone. On the same day, the NIO brand launched an ultra-low-interest car purchase plan for the new ET5, ET5T, ES6, and EC6, while the Ledao brand introduced a similar plan for the Ledao L60 and L90, featuring a 7-year term with a 0.49% annualized fee rate, zero financial service fee, and zero penalty for early repayment. The Firefly brand also rolled out a 7-year ultra-low-interest car purchase plan, with locked orders receiving a special Year of the Horse New Year surprise gift pack. XPeng Motors delivered 20,011 new vehicles in January, down 34.07% YoY and 46.65% MoM. During the same month, the XPeng X9 continued its strong sales performance, with 4,219 units delivered, up 413.9% YoY. By the end of January, its cumulative deliveries reached 51,897 units, making it the fastest model among domestic new automakers' MPVs to exceed 50,000 units in deliveries. Also in January, the 2026 XPeng X9 all-electric version opened for reservations. As the "world's longest-range 5C all-electric large seven-seater," the new model aligns fully in product strength with the popular super range-extended version. From now until the new car's launch, a 2,000 yuan deposit can be used to offset 7,000 yuan of the car purchase price. Additionally, for Xiaomi Auto, official Weibo data showed that January deliveries exceeded 39,000 units, even surpassing Leap Motor, which had been leading among new automakers. On the same day, Xiaomi also announced related car purchase benefits for the Xiaomi SU7 and Xiaomi SU7 Ultra. The entire Xiaomi YU7 series is eligible for a "7-year low-interest" offer! A new low-monthly-payment option is available, with a down payment starting at 99,900 yuan and monthly payments as low as under 2,000 yuan. For orders placed before 24:00 on February 28, a "3-year zero-interest" option is also available, with a down payment starting at 74,900 yuan and monthly payments from 4,961 yuan. At the same time, customers can enjoy up to 66,000 yuan in limited-time car purchase benefits. Regarding store expansion progress, Xiaomi Auto stated that it added 9 new stores in January, bringing the total to 484 stores across 139 cities nationwide. In February, it plans to add 6 more stores, expected to cover two new cities: Jiangmen and Zhoukou. As of January 31, there were already 270 service outlets nationwide, covering 159 cities. As for BYD, the leading power battery manufacturer, its January sales reached 210,051 units, with cumulative new energy vehicle sales exceeding 15.3 million. BYD exported a total of 100,482 new energy vehicles in January. Notably, there is new progress in BYD's solid-state battery development. According to a Cailianshe reporter from BYD's investor relations department, BYD is exploring multiple routes in the solid-state battery field, with sulfide solid-state batteries as a key technical direction, achieving breakthroughs in battery lifespan and fast charging. Small-scale production is expected by 2027. In the sodium-ion battery sector, BYD is already in the development phase of the third-generation product technology platform and has developed sodium-ion battery products capable of 10,000 cycles. The mass production period will be determined based on actual market and client demand. Cui Dongshu, Secretary General of the Passenger Car Association, commented that, given the vehicle purchase tax exemption policy has just ended, only some provinces and cities have currently launched vehicle replacement and renewal subsidy policies; coupled with the fact that mid-January last year was the peak sales period before the Chinese New Year, the relatively weak auto retail performance in January was reasonable due to the timing shift of the Chinese New Year holiday. He predicted that subsequently, as local replacement subsidy details are gradually refined, subsidy application channels become smooth, and coupled with the gradual release of potential car purchase demand before the Spring Festival, the auto retail market is expected to gradually recover and improve. National and Local Policies Promoting Auto Consumption Mentioned in Early 2026; Over 20 Regions Launch New Trade-in and Car Purchase Subsidy Policies Entering 2026, with the phase-out of national subsidies, multi-pronged policies to promote consumption are being intensively rolled out from the national to local levels. According to incomplete statistics, over 20 provinces, cities, and autonomous regions, including Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, Zhejiang, and Sichuan, have so far released details for activities such as automobile trade-ins, retirement and renewal, or car purchase subsidies. On December 31, 2025, the General Office of the Ministry of Commerce and seven other departments issued the "Detailed Implementation Rules for Automobile Trade-in Subsidies in 2026," which officially took effect on January 1, 2026. It mentioned that in 2026, a one-time subsidy will be provided to individual consumers who retire gasoline passenger cars registered before June 30, 2013, diesel or other fuel passenger cars registered before June 30, 2015, or new energy passenger cars registered before December 31, 2019, and purchase new energy passenger cars included in the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology's "Catalog of NEV Models Eligible for Vehicle Purchase Tax Reduction and Exemption" or fuel-powered passenger cars with a displacement of 2.0 liters or below. For retiring the aforementioned eligible old vehicles and purchasing a new energy passenger car, a subsidy equivalent to 12% of the new car's selling price (including tax, the same hereinafter) will be granted, with the subsidy amount (rounded up to the nearest whole yuan, the same hereinafter) capped at 20,000 yuan. For retiring the aforementioned eligible fuel-powered passenger car and purchasing a fuel-powered passenger car with a displacement of 2.0 liters or below, a subsidy equivalent to 10% of the new car's selling price will be granted, with the subsidy amount capped at 15,000 yuan. The Passenger Car Association analyzed that the key words for the 2026 trade-in policy are not "further increase" but "more sustainable, more balanced, and more manageable." Changing the subsidy amount to a percentage of the car price with an upper limit aims to use subsidies more balancedly, avoiding situations where subsidies are suspended later due to rapid depletion of funds early on. The algorithm adjustment will also have a certain impact on the automobile market structure: the stimulus for low-priced car models is significantly weakened, while models priced between 160,000 and 200,000 yuan can fully utilize the subsidy, which is more favorable for upgrade replacement purchases. Producers need to meet market demand with product strength and financial schemes, emphasizing "long-term value" such as driving range, intelligence, and refueling/charging experience, rather than being driven by one-time subsidies. The China Automobile Dealers Association also issued a statement indicating that the 2026 automotive trade-in policy would strengthen overall coordination and promote the efficient and direct allocation of subsidy funds. This aims to allow limited funds to benefit more consumers, particularly meeting the needs of essential demand groups. The scope of benefiting vehicle owners is expected to further expand, with support priorities more clearly focused on encouraging the retirement of old vehicles and the purchase of energy-efficient and new energy vehicles. Implementation will emphasize leveraging market mechanisms to make subsidies more aligned with actual needs. The application process is clear and convenient, with improved supervision and management mechanisms. Overall, the policy is expected to continuously stimulate consumer vitality, adding new momentum for the transformation, upgrading, and high-quality development of the automotive industry. Since the beginning of 2026, according to incomplete statistics, multiple provinces and cities including Shanghai, Beijing, Sichuan, and Shandong have successively released detailed rules for automotive trade-ins, continuously promoting local automotive consumption: [Shanghai 2026 Automotive Trade-In Policy Implemented, Maximum Subsidy of 20,000 Yuan] Shanghai's 2026 automotive trade-in policy has been implemented. The Shanghai Municipal Commission of Commerce and seven other departments jointly released the "Detailed Implementation Rules for Shanghai's 2026 Automotive Trade-In Subsidy Policy," officially launching subsidy activities for vehicle retirement renewal and replacement renewal. Individual consumers can receive a maximum subsidy of 20,000 yuan. The policy has been in effect since January 1, 2026, with applications accepted until January 10, 2027. [Hubei 2026 Automotive Trade-In Subsidy Rules Implemented, Maximum Subsidy of 20,000 Yuan] The Hubei Provincial Department of Commerce, together with the Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Department of Economy and Information Technology, and five other departments, officially issued the "Detailed Implementation Rules for Hubei's 2026 Automotive Trade-In Subsidy." It specifies that special subsidies will be provided to individual consumers purchasing new energy and small-displacement fuel passenger vehicles through two main methods: retirement renewal and replacement renewal, with a maximum subsidy amount of 20,000 yuan. The policy officially took effect on January 1, 2026. [Xi'an 2026 Automotive Trade-In Subsidy Rules Implemented, Up to 20,000 Yuan Subsidy for Retiring Old Vehicles for NEVs] Xi'an released the "Detailed Implementation Rules for Xi'an's 2026 Automotive Trade-In Subsidy," clarifying that special subsidies will be provided to individual consumers purchasing new vehicles through two models: retirement renewal and replacement renewal. The policy covers the entire year, with subsidy applications accepted until January 10, 2027, further reducing citizens' car purchase costs and aiding the upgrade of the automotive consumer market. [Beijing 2026 Automotive Trade-In Subsidy Launched on February 9, Maximum Subsidy of 20,000 Yuan] The 2026 Beijing automotive trade-in subsidy policy has been officially announced. On February 6, reporters learned that Beijing officially released the "Beijing 2026 Automobile Trade-in Subsidy Implementation Plan," which is expected to launch two types of subsidies: "retirement and renewal" and "replacement and renewal." The application system will open at 10:00 on February 9. Eligible car purchase consumers can receive a maximum subsidy of 20,000 yuan. Among them, "retirement and renewal" refers to retiring an old vehicle and purchasing a new one. Consumers who purchase passenger NEVs can receive a subsidy of 12% of the new car's selling price, with a maximum subsidy amount of 20,000 yuan; those purchasing fuel-powered passenger vehicles with a displacement of 2.0 liters or below can receive a subsidy of 10% of the new car's selling price, with a maximum subsidy amount of 15,000 yuan. [Sichuan: Supports Automobile Replacement and Renewal, Maximum Subsidy of 15,000 Yuan] The Sichuan Provincial Development and Reform Commission and Department of Finance issued a notice on printing and distributing the "Sichuan Province 2026 Policies and Measures for Implementing Large-Scale Equipment Renewal and Consumer Goods Trade-in." The notice mentioned supporting automobile replacement and renewal. In 2026, individual consumers who sell passenger vehicles registered under their name and purchase new energy passenger vehicles included in the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology's "Catalog of NEV Models Eligible for Vehicle Purchase Tax Reduction and Exemption," or fuel-powered passenger vehicles with a displacement of 2.0 liters or below, will receive a one-time subsidy. For trading in for a new energy passenger vehicle meeting the above conditions, a subsidy of 8% of the new car's selling price will be provided, with a maximum subsidy amount of 15,000 yuan; for trading in for a fuel-powered passenger vehicle meeting the above conditions, a subsidy of 6% of the new car's selling price will be provided, with a maximum subsidy amount of 13,000 yuan. Cui Yan, Deputy Director of Guolian Minsheng Research Institute and Chief Automobile Analyst, stated that as various regions successively launch 2026 trade-in subsidies, coupled with the gradual launch of new car models after the Chinese New Year and before auto shows, auto sales are expected to stabilize and rebound. Regarding January's auto market sales, she mentioned that overall end-use demand for automobiles in January was relatively mediocre, primarily due to local subsidies on the policy side not yet being officially launched, and on the supply side, fewer new models being introduced by automakers. "Currently, these two factors have improved. Since mid-to-late January, local governments have successively launched trade-in subsidies; supply side, after the Chinese New Year and before auto shows, automakers will gradually launch new cars or begin pre-launch warm-up activities for new models." It is expected that automobile demand after the Chinese New Year is likely to stabilize and rebound. According to CCTV News, in 2026, the Ministry of Commerce, together with various regions and relevant departments, will further promote consumer goods trade-in work, focusing on areas like automobiles to further optimize policy implementation and continuously release consumption potential. According to big data from the Ministry of Commerce, as of February 5, 2026, 335,000 applications had been submitted for automobile trade-in subsidies, driving new vehicle sales of 53.77 billion yuan. This has effectively promoted the development of the automotive market and resource recycling, facilitating industrial quality improvement, upgrading, and green transformation. In January, the average price of new vehicles participating in the trade-in program exceeded 160,000 yuan, significantly higher than the previous year. Nationwide, 659,000 end-of-life vehicles were recycled, up 50.2% YoY. On February 9, the Ministry of Commerce held a symposium with automakers to discuss matters related to automobile distribution and consumption. Representatives from relevant automotive industry associations, research institutions, and enterprises attended the meeting. Vice Minister Sheng Qiuping was present and engaged in exchanges. Sheng Qiuping pointed out that China's ultra-large market has a solid foundation, the automotive consumption chain is long with great potential, and the sequential implementation of policies provides stable support, making it highly promising to expand automobile consumption across the entire chain. In 2026, the Ministry of Commerce will work with relevant departments to simultaneously pursue policy support and reform innovation, integrate the efforts of existing measures and incremental policies, optimize the implementation of automobile trade-ins, carry out pilot reforms in automobile distribution and consumption, improve industry management systems, and take multiple measures to promote the expansion and quality enhancement of automobile consumption. On February 12, as the Chinese New Year approached, the General Office of the Ministry of Commerce issued the "Notice on Effectively Implementing the Trade-in Program for Consumer Goods During the 2026 Chinese New Year Holiday." It mentioned that all regions should strengthen funding guarantees for trade-in subsidies on consumer goods during the Spring Festival, leverage the advantages of different channels, ensure policy implementation, and better meet consumer demand. In line with Spring Festival customs and to enhance the festive atmosphere, consumers are encouraged to go out for shopping. During the 9-day Chinese New Year holiday in 2026 (February 15–23), consumers will be fully supported to apply for subsidies on home appliance trade-ins, as well as purchases of new digital and smart products through offline channels. Consumers who purchase new vehicles during the 9-day holiday can apply for automobile trade-in subsidies in accordance with policy requirements.

[SMM Silicon-Based PV Morning Meeting Minutes] Polycrystalline silicon N-type recharging polysilicon quotes 48.5-58.8 yuan/kg, granular polysilicon quotes 49-51 yuan/kg, the polysilicon price index is 52.6 yuan/kg, polysilicon prices rise slightly, mainly due to some manufacturers being affected by cost delineation subsequently raising expectations slightly, mainstream prices remain stable. Approaching Chinese New Year, market transactions slow down, overall atmosphere shows no significant changes.

Societe Generale analysts Michael Haigh, Ben Hoff and Jeremy Sellem highlight how Tether’s expanding Gold holdings have become a major force in the Gold market.

SMM February 9: The tight supply situation in the raw material spot market continues to intensify, coupled with the holiday effect brought by the approaching Chinese New Year, the overall market is showing a pattern of "rising prices amid shrinking volume." Additionally, a major tungsten enterprise significantly raised its long-term contract prices, reigniting market bullish sentiment. On February 9, the average price of scheelite concentrate (≥65%) reached a record high of 680,500 yuan/metric ton, indicating a year-to-date increase of over 50%! The average price of APT (domestic) also rose to the historic milestone of 1 million yuan per metric ton on February 9, with a year-to-date increase of 49.25%! Tungsten enterprise significantly raised its long-term contract purchase prices for the first half of February Zhangyuan Tungsten Co., Ltd. of Chongyi's prices are as follows: 1. 55% scheelite concentrate: 670,000 yuan per metric ton, up 147,000 yuan per metric ton from the previous round; 2. 55% wolframite concentrate: 669,000 yuan per metric ton, up 147,000 yuan per metric ton from the previous round; 3. Ammonium paratungstate (standard grade zero): 970,000 yuan per metric ton, up 210,000 yuan per metric ton from the previous round. The Ganzhou Tungsten Industry Association's forecast prices for the tungsten market in February 2026 are: 55% scheelite concentrate at 670,000 yuan per metric ton, up 300,000 yuan per metric ton MoM; APT at 970,000 yuan per metric ton, up 300,000 yuan per metric ton MoM; medium-grain tungsten powder at 1,630 yuan per kg, up 480 yuan per kg MoM. (Prices are for reference only; assume commercial risks accordingly.) Furthermore, it is understood that some tungsten enterprises have suspended the publication of their long-term contract prices. Average Price of Ammonium Paratungstate (Domestic) Rises to 1 Million Yuan per Metric Ton, Up Over 49% Year-to-Date According to SMM price assessments, on February 9, the price range for scheelite concentrate (≥65%) was 680,000-681,000 yuan per metric ton, with an average price of 680,500 yuan per metric ton, up 1.19% from the previous trading day. Compared to the average price of 453,500 yuan per metric ton on December 31, 2025, this new high of 680,500 yuan per metric ton represents an increase of 227,000 yuan per metric ton year-to-date, a gain of 50.05%. Compared to the average price of 142,750 yuan per metric ton on December 31, 2024, the cumulative increase over more than a year reaches as high as 376.71% . On February 9, the price range for ammonium paratungstate (domestic) was 990,000-1,010,000 yuan per metric ton, with an average price of 1,000,000 yuan per metric ton. Compared to the average price of 670,000 yuan per metric ton on December 31, 2025, this average of 1,000,000 yuan per metric ton represents a year-to-date increase of 49.25%, rising sharply in sync with scheelite concentrate. Despite the continued sharp rise in tungsten prices, overall market trading activity has not kept pace recently, constrained mainly by multiple factors: First, with the Chinese New Year approaching, traders have become more cautious, focusing purchases on rigid demand, with only limited pre-holiday stockpiling and no large-scale concentrated stockpiling occurring. Second, high tungsten prices have led to both funding pressure and fear of high prices in the market, causing some downstream enterprises to postpone purchases and adopt a wait-and-see attitude. Third, the holiday effect is gradually becoming apparent, with some enterprises already entering a pre-holiday lull, leading to a general pullback in market trading frequency. The cemented carbide industry, a core demand sector for tungsten (accounting for 58% of total demand), is a typical example: affected by the soaring prices of raw materials like tungsten powder, production costs have increased significantly. Furthermore, tungsten materials like tungsten carbide account for over 80% of tool costs, forcing most cemented carbide enterprises to reduce procurement scale and maintain only production for rigid demand, further suppressing overall market trading activity. Outlook Looking ahead to the tungsten market outlook, in the short term, the tight spot supply situation on the raw material side is unlikely to ease quickly, and suppliers' reluctance to sell is expected to persist. The tungsten market is likely to maintain its strong upward trend. Key variables brought by the approaching Chinese New Year still require close attention: On one hand, market trading will gradually stagnate during the holiday period, and whether pre-holiday stockpiling demand concentrates will directly influence the short-term price movement pace. On the other hand, post-holiday enterprise work resumption progress, the recovery of raw material supply, and the strength of downstream demand release will determine whether tungsten prices can remain high. Additionally, international market price fluctuations, the signing of enterprise long-term contracts, industry policy direction, and the cost pass-through effect in the cemented carbide industry require continuous monitoring, while remaining vigilant against increased market risks from intensified price fluctuations in the high price range.

Pre-holiday, titanium concentrate prices softened amid weak downstream demand, while titanium dioxide saw inventory draws and price support from exports and pre-holiday restocking. Sponge titanium stabilized with export-led growth. Post-holiday demand will guide price trends across the chain.

SMM Morning Meeting Minutes: LME copper opened at $13,025/mt overnight, initially dipped to $12,975/mt, then fluctuated upward and touched a high of $13,228/mt near the close, finally settling at $13,185/mt, up 0.96%, with trading volume reaching 15,200 lots and open interest at 327,000 lots, an increase of 2,466 lots from the previous session, overall showing a pattern of bulls increasing positions. The most-traded SHFE copper contract 2603 opened at 101,740 yuan/mt overnight, touched a low of 101,280 yuan/mt at the beginning, then the center of copper prices gradually shifted upward and tested 102,500 yuan/mt, finally settling at 102,450 yuan/mt, up 0.93%, with trading volume reaching 41,800 lots and open interest at 165,000 lots, a decrease of 4,251 lots from the previous session, overall showing a pattern of bears reducing positions.

Poland's central bank plans massive gold purchase despite record prices, potentially pushing bullion to 30% of total national assets.