As of July 11, 2026, the direct reduced iron (DRI) plant of Jindal Steel Oman in Sohar operated continuously for 188 days without any unplanned shutdowns. The 6.5-meter shaft furnace set a record for the highest monthly production of 185,710 mt in May 2026, with an average operating rate of 249.6 mt per hour. The facility’s production exceeded its original designed capacity of 1.5 million mt by 33%, establishing a new global benchmark for operational efficiency. The Sohar plant integrates gas-based direct reduction (using reformed natural gas to reduce iron ore) with a 220-mt Danieli electric furnace, where hot DRI is charged directly into the furnace by gravity. Billed as the world’s first gravity-fed hot DRI charging system, it achieves significant energy savings. In early 2026, the EAF side also set records: monthly production of 235,112 mt of liquid steel at a rate of 324 mt/hour, with a charge mix of 61% hot DRI, 37% cold DRI, and 2% hot briquetted iron (HBI), and electricity consumption of 493 kWh per mt of steel. In other words, from reduction to melting, this is a fully integrated DRI-EAF process, and the high stability of the shaft furnace serves as the foundation for the entire chain’s efficiency. Jindal’s record carries weight because it falls within a strengthening megatrend. According to data from Midrex and the World Steel Association, global DRI production reached 140.8 million mt in 2024, setting a new record high, up 3.8% YoY (the previous record was 135.7 million mt in 2023). The cumulative increase since 2019 is approximately 32.7 million mt, an increase of over 30%. More notably, this growth outpaced the mild 1% growth in global crude steel production over the same period. The DRI route is steadily expanding its share in the overall steel landscape. Midrex technology accounted for 54.1% of total production and approximately 80.1% of shaft-furnace DRI output. However, this growth is highly concentrated. In 2024, India ranked first globally with 54.7 million mt, accounting for over one-third of the total. Iran followed with 34.7 million mt, and together the two countries accounted for about 63% of the global total. Next came Russia (8.0 million mt), Saudi Arabia (6.6 million mt), and Egypt (6.4 million mt). The landscape broadly splits into two segments: one is India’s vast domestic demand-driven system based on coal-based rotary kiln sponge iron, and the other is the gas-based DRI cluster in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) built on cheap natural gas. Jindal Steel Oman’s Sohar plant falls into the latter category. This concentration also means that any disruption in natural gas supply, energy policy, or geopolitical turbulence in one location will be magnified to affect global DRI supply. To grasp the strategic value of such plants, one must place them within the carbon intensity framework. According to the representative route values from the World Steel Association, the blast furnace–converter integrated route emits approximately 2.3 mt CO₂ per mt of steel, while the scrap-based electric furnace route records the lowest at around 0.7 mt. The gas-based direct reduction–electric furnace route falls in between, at roughly 1.43 mt. This means that before green hydrogen direct reduction achieves true scale, gas-based DRI represents the most viable low-carbon iron source pathway beyond the blast furnace. It is not zero-carbon, but it can already reduce the carbon footprint to around 60% of the blast furnace route. A gas-based DRI plant like Jindal Shuhar—efficient, low-cost, and running stably—sits right at the sweet spot of this transitional pathway. Placed back into the trade dimension of the ferrous metal industry chain, the Middle East’s gas-based DRI and HBI have long played the role of supplying green iron to Europe, Turkey, and the US. The top five global DRI importers in 2024 were the US (1.5 million mt), Turkey (1.2 million mt), India (900,000 mt), Mexico (800,000 mt), and Italy (700,000 mt). As the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) enters the actual payment phase and embedded carbon costs increase year by year, the premium window for exporting low-carbon iron sources to Europe is opening up. Plants that can spread fixed unit costs thinner and push annualized output to 133% of designed capacity are precisely the most resilient marginal suppliers along this trade flow. Viewed from this angle, Jindal’s 188-day record is not merely a straightforward milestone.

By July 11, 2026, the direct reduced iron (DRI) plant of Jindal Steel Oman in Sohar had operated continuously for 188 days without any unplanned shutdowns. This 6.5-meter shaft furnace set a record high monthly production of 185,710 mt in May 2026, with an average operating rate of 249.6 mt per hour. The facility's production exceeded its original designed capacity of 1.5 million mt by 33%, thereby setting a new global benchmark for operational efficiency. The Sohar facility is an integrated combination of a gas-based direct reduction (using natural gas reformed syngas to reduce iron ore) unit and a 220 mt Danieli electric arc furnace. Hot DRI is gravity-fed directly into the electric furnace, touted as the world's first gravity hot DRI feeding system, achieving significant energy savings. The electric furnace side also set records in early 2026: a monthly output of 235,112 mt of liquid steel with a productivity of 324 mt/hour, a charge mix of 61% hot DRI, 37% cold DRI, and 2% hot briquetted iron (HBI), and electricity consumption of 493 kWh per mt of steel. In other words, from reduction to melting, this is a fully integrated DRI-EAF process, and the high operational stability of the shaft furnace is precisely the foundation of the entire chain's efficiency. This record is significant because it falls within a continuing strong mega-trend. According to statistics from Midrex and the World Steel Association, global direct reduced iron (DRI) production reached 140.8 million mt in 2024, a new record high, up 3.8% YoY (the previous record was 135.7 million mt in 2023); since 2019, it has cumulatively increased by about 32.7 million mt, an increase of over 30%. More notably, this growth rate outpaced the mild growth of about 1% in global crude steel production over the same period, with the DRI route steadily expanding its share in the overall steel landscape. Of this, the Midrex process accounted for 54.1% of total production, and an even larger share of about 80.1% in shaft furnace DRI. However, this growth is highly concentrated. In 2024, India ranked first globally with 54.7 million mt, accounting for over one-third of the total; Iran followed with 34.7 million mt, and together these two countries accounted for about 63% of the global total. It was followed by Russia at 8.0 million mt, Saudi Arabia at 6.6 million mt, and Egypt at 6.4 million mt. The landscape is broadly divided into two parts: one is India's massive domestic demand system primarily based on coal-based rotary kiln sponge iron, and the other is a gas-based DRI cluster in the Middle East and North Africa built on cheap natural gas, to which Jindal Steel Oman belongs. This concentration also means that any local natural gas supply, energy policy, or geopolitical disturbance will be amplified to the level of global DRI supply. Gas-Based DRI in the Decarbonization Landscape To understand the strategic value of such plants, one must place them back into the carbon intensity coordinate system. According to the World Steel Association's representative route values, the blast furnace—converter long process is about 2.3 mt CO2 per mt of steel, the scrap-based electric furnace is the lowest at about 0.7 mt, while the gas-based direct reduction—electric furnace is in the middle at about 1.43 mt. This means that, before green hydrogen-based direct reduction truly scales up, gas-based DRI is the most realistic low-carbon iron source route beyond the blast furnace. It is not zero-carbon, but it can already reduce the carbon footprint to about 60% of the long process. Gas-based DRI plants like Jindal Steel Oman, which are efficient, low-cost, and stably operated, exactly stand at the optimal point of this transitional route. Putting it back into the trade dimension of the ferrous industry chain, gas-based DRI and HBI from the Middle East have long played the role of supplying green steel to Europe, Turkey, and the US. In 2024, the top five global DRI importers were the US (1.5 million mt), Turkey (1.2 million mt), India (900,000 mt), Mexico (800,000 mt), and Italy (700,000 mt). As the EU CBAM enters actual payment and the embedded carbon cost rises year by year, the premium space for low-carbon iron source exports to Europe is being opened up, and plants that can spread their unit fixed costs thinner and push their annualized output to 133% of designed capacity are exactly the most resilient marginal suppliers on this trade flow. From this perspective, Jindal's 188-day record is more than just a simple milestone.

According to the World Steel Association, global crude steel production reached 155.7 million tonnes in June 2026, marking a 1.7% year-on-year increase. Africa recorded the strongest regional growth with a 20% rise to 2.2 million tonnes, while production in the Middle East fell by 13.4% amid ongoing logistical disruptions. Despite the monthly gain, total global production during the first half of 2026 stood 0.7% below the same period last year, indicating an uneven market recovery.

Off-season weakness, high power and scrap costs, and defensive output cuts drag global crude steel production down 1.4% month-on-month to 155.7 million mt in June 2026.

According to the latest data released by the General Administration of Customs and compiled by SMM, China's SiMn exports in June 2026 stood at 367.39 mt, down 94.06% MoM and down 68.10% YoY. Total SiMn exports in January-June reached 21,616.28 mt, up 53.65% YoY. The sharp drop in SiMn exports in June was mainly due to three overlapping factors: ensuring domestic supply, weak overseas demand, and holding back from selling amid losses.

On July 14, data from the General Administration of Customs showed that China exported 10.32 million mt of steel in June 2026, down 21,000 mt MoM or 0.2% MoM. Cumulative exports from January to June reached 54.874 million mt, down 5.6% YoY. In June 2026, China imported 441,000 mt of steel, down 10,000 mt MoM or 2.2% MoM. Cumulative imports from January to June were 2.696 million mt, down 11.3% YoY. Table 1: Overview of Steel Imports and Exports, January-June Source: SMM Steel Exports Remained High in June According to SMM's June export production schedule survey, planned HRC export volume for the month stood at 1.05 million mt, slightly lower than actual exports in May, with a relatively limited decline. Meanwhile, SMM export order data showed that steel export orders remained high in mid-April, laying the foundation for high steel exports in May-June. Table 2: China’s Total Steel Exports Source: SMM Steel Imports Stayed Low in June On the import side, steel imports in June were 441,000 mt, down MoM. January-June cumulative imports were 2.696 million mt, down 11.3% YoY. Net steel exports reached 52.178 million mt. Short-Term Steel Export Outlook 1. Global Manufacturing Declined MoM; Domestic New Export Orders Recovered Marginally According to J.P. Morgan global PMI data, the global manufacturing PMI stood at 52.2 in June 2026, still in expansion territory but with momentum slowing for a second consecutive month, mainly due to earlier stockpiling to avoid Middle East shipping risks, while preventive stockpiling demand waned in June. In addition, end-use consumer goods demand in Europe and the US was weak, global export orders fell below the 50 mark, and the ASEAN composite PMI dropped 1 point MoM, with regional sentiment cooling significantly. China's manufacturing new export orders index at 50.1% in June, up 1.5 percentage points MoM, pointed to a marginal recovery in external demand. 2. Supply Outside China Rose MoM; Overall Supply Pressure Intensified Global crude steel production fell 0.3% YoY to 157.9 million mt in May 2026. In China, against a severe backdrop of finished steel destocking falling short of expectations and losses, steel mills proactively brought forward maintenance plans to defensively control output. Excluding China, production in the rest of the world rose 28.8% YoY. The Asian market was unusually resilient, with India's crude steel production recording 14.1 million mt. Meanwhile, Vietnam's production surged 27.2% YoY, driven not by a stress response to trade barriers but by downstream manufacturing entering a concentrated stockpiling phase, coupled with genuine demand from infrastructure projects rushing to meet deadlines ahead of the monsoon season. In contrast, production in the Middle East plunged 19.4% YoY in May, with previous war damage from geopolitical conflicts and wartime energy controls remaining an invisible and heavy ceiling suppressing production resumptions in the region. Production regions in Europe and the US (the US up 9.2% YoY, Germany up 7.3% YoY) maintained relatively active operating rates, supported by new-type data center infrastructure and anticipatory moves to preempt regional trade barriers such as the EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM). It is reported that the Middle East recently started offering billet exports and concluded deals. Meanwhile, increased production in India, Vietnam and others also put some pressure on domestic exports. Figure 1: Global Crude Steel Production by Region Source: SMM 3. Price Advantage Narrowed Significantly; Pressure on Export Orders Intensified As of July 16, 2026, HRC export quotations (FOB) for India, Turkey, and the CIS were $510/mt, $408/mt, and $530/mt, respectively, while China's HRC export quotation (FOB) was $493/mt. Currently, China's HRC export quotations are $17/mt, $115/mt, and $37/mt lower than those countries. China's steel export price advantage narrowed significantly MoM from June. The overseas market remained in the off-season, and low-price export promotion remained the main channel for them to relieve domestic pressure. In China, prices remained relatively firm supported by costs. The price spread between Chinese and overseas markets narrowed markedly, intensifying pressure on export orders. Figure 2: HRC Quotations in Major Global Markets Source: SMM 4. Export Orders Remained at Low Levels in May-June; A Sudden Increase Is Difficult According to SMM's latest steel mill export order schedule, planned HRC exports for this month totaled 1.059 million mt, up 5.2% MoM from actual exports last month. SMM's steel export order data showed that due to the ongoing overseas off-season and consecutive overseas price declines, steel export orders in May-June declined significantly MoM from the previous period. Figure 3: SMM Steel Export Order Volumes Source: SMM 5. Anti-Dumping Cases with Impact Increased in June New anti-dumping related cases in China increased in June, involving products such as steel pipes, coated sheets, cold-rolled, stainless steel, hot-rolled, and medium-thickness plates. Details of the cases and their impact volumes are shown in the table below. Table 3: New Anti-Dumping Cases in June Source: SMM Overall, against the backdrop of the overseas off-season coupled with a narrowing price advantage, the weakness in earlier export orders may gradually be reflected in export data. SMM expects that actual steel exports in July will face some downward pressure. However, as overseas prices continue to pull back and hit bottom, some new procurement demand may be released. Figure 4: Steel Exports and Forecast, 2024-2026 Source: SMM Source Declaration: All data other than publicly available information is processed by SMM based on public information, market communication, and SMM's internal database models, and is for reference only and does not constitute any decision-making advice. Note: This article is original content of this official account. If you need to reprint, whitelist, or cooperate, please contact us. 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